Research Methodologgy

Which of the following is the main characteristic of quantitative research?

• Focuses on participants' emotions and lived experiences

• Uses open-ended questions and interviews

• Analyzes numerical data and uses statistical tools

• Relies on subjective interpretation only

Qualitative research is most suitable when the research aim is to:

• Explore learners' learning experience

• Test a hypothesis through controlled experiments

• Measure variables using standardized tests

• Calculate the effect size of an intervention

In mixed methods research, the researcher typically:

• Avoids combining different types of data

• Uses only one data source to save time

• Analyzes both qualitative and quantitative data

• Focuses only on numeric survey data

6. Which research design is best suited for examining the relationship between two variables without manipulating them?
   
   

• Experimental

• Case study

• Action research

• Correlational

7. A researcher spends months observing and participating in a classroom to understand the social dynamics of learners. What design is most appropriate?

• Quasi-experimental

• Ethnographic

• Correlational

• Survey

8. Which of the following sampling techniques is most commonly used in quantitative research?

• Purposive sampling

• Snowball sampling

• Simple random sampling

• Theoretical sampling

In qualitative research, which sampling method is typically used to select participants with rich information related to the research topic?

• Systematic sampling

• Stratified sampling

• Purposive sampling

• Cluster sampling

A researcher sets criteria and choose her research subjects based on them. What sampling technique is being used?

• Purposive sampling

• Snowball sampling

• Random sampling

• Stratified sampling

Which of the following instruments is most commonly used in quantitative research?

• Interview guide

• Observation checklist

• Field notes

• Questionnaire with closed-ended questions

A researcher wants to explore students' experiences of online learning in depth. Which instrument is most appropriate?

• Structured questionnaire

• Likert-scale survey

• Standardized test

• Semi-structured interview