Reading Comprehension

Reading Comprehension: using this passage from item 1-5

Passage
A study conducted by researchers at Stanford University found that multitasking may actually reduce productivity and affect cognitive abilities. People who frequently multitask have difficulty focusing, recalling information, and switching from one task to another. In contrast, those who focus on one task at a time perform better in most cognitive tests. The researchers suggest that the brain is not wired to handle multiple streams of information at once and that multitasking can lead to mental fatigue and lower efficiency.

1. What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Multitasking is a useful skill for increasing productivity.

• B. People should avoid using technology while working.

• C. Focusing on one task at a time may improve mental performance.

• D. The brain is capable of processing multiple tasks at once.

Passage
A study conducted by researchers at Stanford University found that multitasking may actually reduce productivity and affect cognitive abilities. People who frequently multitask have difficulty focusing, recalling information, and switching from one task to another. In contrast, those who focus on one task at a time perform better in most cognitive tests. The researchers suggest that the brain is not wired to handle multiple streams of information at once and that multitasking can lead to mental fatigue and lower efficiency.

2.According to the passage, people who often multitask may have problems with:

• A. Finishing tasks faster

• B. Recalling information

• C. Learning new languages

• D. Managing time

Passage
A study conducted by researchers at Stanford University found that multitasking may actually reduce productivity and affect cognitive abilities. People who frequently multitask have difficulty focusing, recalling information, and switching from one task to another. In contrast, those who focus on one task at a time perform better in most cognitive tests. The researchers suggest that the brain is not wired to handle multiple streams of information at once and that multitasking can lead to mental fatigue and lower efficiency.

3. What does the word “cognitive” most nearly mean in the passage?

• A. Emotional

• B. Physical

• C. Mental

• D. Social

Passage
A study conducted by researchers at Stanford University found that multitasking may actually reduce productivity and affect cognitive abilities. People who frequently multitask have difficulty focusing, recalling information, and switching from one task to another. In contrast, those who focus on one task at a time perform better in most cognitive tests. The researchers suggest that the brain is not wired to handle multiple streams of information at once and that multitasking can lead to mental fatigue and lower efficiency.

4. Why might multitasking lead to mental fatigue?

• A. It takes more time to complete each task.

• B. It forces the brain to handle too much information at once.

• C. It helps people concentrate better on important tasks.

• D. It keeps people physically tired.

Passage
A study conducted by researchers at Stanford University found that multitasking may actually reduce productivity and affect cognitive abilities. People who frequently multitask have difficulty focusing, recalling information, and switching from one task to another. In contrast, those who focus on one task at a time perform better in most cognitive tests. The researchers suggest that the brain is not wired to handle multiple streams of information at once and that multitasking can lead to mental fatigue and lower efficiency.

5. What is implied about people who focus on one task at a time?

• A. They usually get bored easily.

• B. They perform worse on memory tests.

• C. They may achieve better results in mental tasks.

• D. They are less productive in general.

Reading Comprehension: item 6-10

Passage

Many people believe that success comes from talent or luck, but research shows that perseverance, or the ability to keep going despite challenges, plays an even bigger role. In fact, a study by psychologist Angela Duckworth found that people who have "grit" — a combination of passion and persistence — are more likely to succeed than those who rely solely on intelligence or skills. Grit helps individuals stay motivated through failures, learn from mistakes, and continue working toward their goals.

6.What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Intelligence is the key to success.

• B. Passion is more important than skill.

• C. Perseverance is a major factor in achieving success.

• D. Luck and talent are the biggest contributors to success.

Passage

Many people believe that success comes from talent or luck, but research shows that perseverance, or the ability to keep going despite challenges, plays an even bigger role. In fact, a study by psychologist Angela Duckworth found that people who have "grit" — a combination of passion and persistence — are more likely to succeed than those who rely solely on intelligence or skills. Grit helps individuals stay motivated through failures, learn from mistakes, and continue working toward their goals.

2. What does the word “grit” mean as used in the passage?

• A. Luck and timing

• B. Talent and skill

• C. Confidence and strength

• D. Passion and persistence

Passage 2

Plastic pollution has become one of the world’s most serious environmental problems. Millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the oceans every year, harming marine life. Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, and birds may eat small plastic pieces, leading to death. Scientists and environmental groups are urging governments to reduce plastic production and promote recycling. Consumers are also encouraged to use reusable bags, bottles, and containers to lessen their environmental impact.

8. What is one problem caused by plastic pollution mentioned in the passage?

• A. People recycle too much plastic.

• B. Plastic is too expensive to produce.

• C. Animals eat plastic and die.

• D. Plastic improves ocean health.

Passage 2

Plastic pollution has become one of the world’s most serious environmental problems. Millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the oceans every year, harming marine life. Sea turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish, and birds may eat small plastic pieces, leading to death. Scientists and environmental groups are urging governments to reduce plastic production and promote recycling. Consumers are also encouraged to use reusable bags, bottles, and containers to lessen their environmental impact.

9. The word “marine” in the phrase “marine life” is closest in meaning to:

• A. Wild

• B. Water-related

• C. Pollution

• D. Plastic

Passage

Many people believe that success comes from talent or luck, but research shows that perseverance, or the ability to keep going despite challenges, plays an even bigger role. In fact, a study by psychologist Angela Duckworth found that people who have "grit" — a combination of passion and persistence — are more likely to succeed than those who rely solely on intelligence or skills. Grit helps individuals stay motivated through failures, learn from mistakes, and continue working toward their goals.

10. What is the author’s purpose in writing the second passage?

• A. To encourage people to vacation by the sea

• B. To inform readers about a major environmental issue

• C. To entertain readers with stories about turtles

• D. To advertise reusable plastic bottles