Pediatric Chemotherapy Infection Management Quiz

A 7-year-old child undergoing chemotherapy presents with fever, neutropenia, and malaise. Which of the following is the most likely sign of infection in this patient?

• High blood pressure

• Fever

• Bradycardia

• Weight gain

Which of the following is the most appropriate initial empiric antibiotic therapy for a pediatric patient with febrile neutropenia?

• Oral amoxicillin

• IV cefepime

• Topical mupirocin

• Oral azithromycin

A child on chemotherapy develops oral thrush. Which organism is most likely responsible?

• Staphylococcus aureus

• Candida albicans

• Escherichia coli

• Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Which of the following fluids is considered isotonic and is commonly used for initial resuscitation in pediatric patients?

• 0.45% NaCl

• 0.9% NaCl

• 3% NaCl

• 5% dextrose in water

A 10-year-old with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia presents with cough and hypoxia. Which opportunistic infection should be considered?

• Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

• Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis

• Rotavirus gastroenteritis

• Herpes zoster

Which of the following is a symptom of sepsis in a pediatric chemotherapy patient?

• Hypothermia

• Polyuria

• Hyperactivity

• Jaundice

A child with a central line develops fever and chills. What is the most likely source of infection?

• Urinary tract

• Central venous catheter

• Skin abrasion

• Sinus infection

Which of the following fluids is hypertonic?

• 0.9% NaCl

• 3% NaCl

• 0.45% NaCl

• Lactated Ringer's

A pediatric patient on chemotherapy presents with fever and hypotension. What is the most appropriate next step?

• Start oral antibiotics

• Begin IV fluids and broad-spectrum antibiotics

• Observe and monitor

• Discharge home

Which of the following is the best fluid to use for maintenance in a child with normal sodium levels?

• 0.9% NaCl with potassium

• 0.45% NaCl with 5% dextrose and potassium

• 3% NaCl

• 5% dextrose in water