Earth Processes and Landscape Formation

What are some natural processes that shape and reshape the surface of the Earth?

• Natural processes that shape and reshape the surface of the Earth include uplift, erosion, deposition, and weathering.

• Natural processes that shape and reshape the surface of the Earth include photosynthesis, respiration, and transpiration.

• Natural processes that shape and reshape the surface of the Earth include combustion, fermentation, and distillation.

• Natural processes that shape and reshape the surface of the Earth include magnetism, electricity, and radiation.

People can change the landscape by clearing land for agriculture or building cities and road networks.

• True

• False

What is the Earth's mantle?

• The mantle is the layer of the Earth between the crust and the core, consisting of semi-molten material.

• The mantle is the Earth's outermost solid layer.

• The mantle is the Earth's innermost core.

• The mantle is a thin layer of water above the crust.

What causes the plates on the Earth's surface to move?

• Heat from the Earth's core creates convection currents within the mantle, causing the plates to move.

• The gravitational pull of the Moon directly drags the plates.

• Winds in the atmosphere push the plates along the surface.

• Earthquakes force the plates to slide continuously.

Name two mountain ranges that were formed by the collision of tectonic plates.

• The Himalayas in Asia and the Rocky Mountains in North America.

• The Andes in South America and the Appalachian Mountains in North America.

• The Alps in Europe and the Ural Mountains in Russia.

• The Sierra Nevada in North America and the Great Dividing Range in Australia.

What is erosion?

• Erosion is the wearing away of the Earth's surface by natural elements such as wind, water, ice, and human activity.

• Erosion is the process of forming new land by volcanic activity.

• Erosion is the movement of tectonic plates beneath the Earth's crust.

• Erosion is the increase in Earth's temperature due to greenhouse gases.

How does human activity contribute to erosion?

• Human activity contributes to erosion through deforestation, agriculture, urban sprawl, logging, and road construction.

• Human activity contributes to erosion by increasing rainfall and volcanic eruptions.

• Human activity contributes to erosion by causing earthquakes and tsunamis.

• Human activity contributes to erosion by attracting more wildlife to an area.

Vegetation not only provides valuable habitat for native animals but is also vital for ________ the soil together. Once vegetation is removed, it is more easily broken down and removed by wind and water.

• binding

• loosening

• coloring

• cooling

What are wide, deep channels that form when topsoil is removed called?

• Valleys

• Gullies

• Rivers

• Plateaus

What does the scale of the gully compared to the people illustrate?

• The gully is very shallow

• The gully is wide and deep

• The gully is not affected by erosion

• The gully is covered with vegetation