What is the primary goal of cybersecurity?

• To promote social media engagement.

• To enhance user experience on websites.

• To increase the speed of internet connections.

• To protect systems, networks, and data from cyber threats.

Name three common types of cyber attacks.

• phishing, malware, denial-of-service (DoS)

• spyware

• ransomware

• brute force attack

What is a phishing attack?

• A phishing attack is a method of securing sensitive information.

• A phishing attack is a type of malware that infects computers.

• A phishing attack is a deceptive attempt to obtain sensitive information by masquerading as a trustworthy entity.

• A phishing attack is a legitimate request for personal information from a bank.

Define malware and give an example.

• Ransomware is an example of malware.

• A firewall is a type of malware.

• Spyware is a legitimate software application.

• Antivirus software is an example of malware.

What distinguishes a denial-of-service attack?

• It enhances the performance of a service by optimizing traffic.

• It secures a service by blocking unauthorized access.

• It improves the availability of a service by distributing traffic evenly.

• It disrupts the availability of a service by overwhelming it with traffic.

What is the role of a firewall in cybersecurity?

• To provide internet access to users

• The role of a firewall in cybersecurity is to monitor and control network traffic to protect against unauthorized access and threats.

• To store sensitive data securely

• To encrypt all network traffic

Explain the difference between ethical and unethical hackers.

• Ethical hackers help secure systems legally; unethical hackers exploit systems illegally.

• Ethical hackers only work on software; unethical hackers only target hardware.

• Ethical hackers break into systems for fun; unethical hackers do it for profit.

• Ethical hackers are always employed by the government; unethical hackers work independently.

What is a white-hat hacker?

• A white-hat hacker is a criminal hacker who exploits security systems.

• A white-hat hacker is a hacker who only works for personal gain.

• A white-hat hacker is someone who creates malware to test systems.

• A white-hat hacker is an ethical hacker who tests and improves security systems.

What is a black-hat hacker?

• A black-hat hacker is a malicious hacker who violates computer security for personal gain.

• A black-hat hacker is someone who creates software for educational purposes.

• A black-hat hacker is a security expert who protects systems from attacks.

• A black-hat hacker is a hacker who only works for government agencies.

Describe the phases of the hacking cycle.

• The phases of the hacking cycle are: Reconnaissance, Scanning, Gaining Access, Maintaining Access, and Covering Tracks.

• Preparation, Attack, Recovery, Analysis

• Planning, Execution, Review, Reporting

• Identification, Exploitation, Cleanup, Exit