Cells SB1acd

Which explanations accurately describe how cell structures interact in order to maintain homeostasis? Select the TWO correct choices.

• The smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi produce lysosomes.

• The cell wall and vacuole function to maintain the structure of plant cells.

• Chloroplasts allow the cell to produce energy, and the mitochondria stores energy.

• The rough endoplasmic reticulum produces the lipid components of the cell membrane.

• Molecules can enter the cell by passing through the cell membrane and may take part in chemical reactions within the cytoplasm.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

If the organelle labeled number 2 were not functioning properly within the cell, what homeostatic process do you predict would be most affected and why?

• Cell transport because this organelle produces lipids which are used to form the cell membrane.

• Cell transport because this organelle produces nucleic acids which are used to form the cell membrane.

• Energy release because this organelle produces proteins which are used to form the mitochondria.

• Energy release because this organelle produces carbohydrates which are used to form the mitochondria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

A soccer team eats oranges during the half time of a game to gain energy immediately for the second half of the soccer game. One of the players suggests eating beef jerky rather than oranges. Oranges are mostly carbohydrates and insoluble fiber. Beef jerky is mostly proteins and fats. Which answer provides the best argument for why one food is better than the other for carrying out the cellular process needed for playing the second half of the soccer game?

• Oranges will be digested quickly since carbohydrates start being digested as soon as they enter your mouth. This means that the soccer players will have energy available more quickly for the remaining 45 minutes of the game.

• Beef jerky will stay in your system longer since it does not digest as quickly as carbohydrates, so the energy will be released more slowly.

• Oranges contain more water, so they will keep the players hydrated.

• Beef jerky contains more protein, which is needed for muscle growth during the game.

A student claims that the structure of macromolecules determines how they interact in cellular processes. Which of the following arguments best supports this claim?

• Carbohydrates are made of simple sugars, so they are used to store genetic information.

• Lipids are hydrophobic, which allows them to form the selective barrier of the cell membrane.

• Proteins are composed of amino acids, so they are primarily used for long-term energy storage.

• Nucleic acids are made of nucleotides, which makes them ideal for forming cell membranes.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Pepsin is an enzyme that is secreted into the stomach during digestion. Which of the following is MOST LIKELY the main function of this enzyme?

• to speed up the rate at which proteins are digested

• to reduce the amount of energy that is lost as heat during digestion

• to control the movement of materials through the digestive tract

• to protect proteins from being denatured by stomach acids

A group of students investigating osmosis conducted an experiment to determine the effect of various sugar-water solutions on the mass of potato cores. If a potato core contains 10% sugar, which concentration of sugar in a sugar-water solution would cause the potato to gain mass?

• 5%

• 10%

• 15%

• None, the potato cannot gain mass.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

Which type of cellular transport does not require energy?

• Active transport

• Passive transport

• Both active and passive transport

• None of the above

What color does the iodine solution turn in the presence of starch?

• Blue-black

• Red

• Green

• Yellow

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

What is the purpose of tying off both ends of the dialysis tubing in the investigation?

• To mimic the cell membrane surrounding a cell.

• To prevent the tubing from floating in the solution.

• To allow substances to freely enter and exit the tubing.

• To increase the surface area for diffusion.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

What process is being demonstrated in this investigation?

• Diffusion

• Evaporation

• Condensation

• Filtration