Logic Gates and Computer Basics

What are the fundamental units inside a computer that act like small light switches?

• Bits

• Bytes

• Transistors

• Logic Gates

How is a switch that is turned 'on' typically represented in computer science?

• 0

• 1

• A

• B

What is the number system formed by zeros and ones, which serves as the fundamental language of computers?

• Decimal

• Hexadecimal

• Binary

• Octal

What is a single unit of information, represented as either a 0 or a 1, stored by each switch in a computer?

• Byte

• Bit

• Kilobyte

• Megabyte

What are the building blocks of computer circuits that accept inputs and produce outputs based on logical rules?

• Transistors

• Processors

• Logic Gates

• Memory Chips

Which logic gate takes a single input and inverts it, meaning if the input is 0, the output is 1, and vice versa?

• AND gate

• OR gate

• NOT gate

• XOR gate

Under what condition does an AND gate output a 1?

• At least one input is 1

• Both inputs are 0

• Both inputs are 1

• Only one input is 1

Under what condition does an OR gate output a 1?

• Both inputs are 0

• Only one input is 0

• At least one input is 1

• Both inputs are 1

Which logic gate is equivalent to an AND gate followed by a NOT gate?

• NOR gate

• XOR gate

• NAND gate

• XNOR gate

Which logic gate outputs a 1 when exactly one of its inputs is a 1?

• AND gate

• OR gate

• XOR gate

• XNOR gate