Unit 1 Macromolecules Vocabulary

Catalyst

• A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself undergoing any permanent chemical change.

• A substance that slows down a chemical reaction.

• A substance that is consumed in a chemical reaction.

• A substance that changes the color of a solution.

Monomer

• The building blocks of macromolecules.

• A type of polymer.

• A complex carbohydrate.

• A form of lipid.

Reactant

• The substances that come together in a chemical reaction.

• The products formed after a chemical reaction.

• A catalyst that speeds up a chemical reaction.

• The energy required to start a chemical reaction.

Chemical reaction

• Leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

• Is a process that only occurs in living organisms.

• Involves the physical change of matter without altering its chemical composition.

• Is a method used to separate mixtures into their individual components.

Enzyme

• A type of protein that speeds up chemical reactions in the body.

• A substance produced in a living organism that acts as a catalyst to bring about a specific biochemical reaction.

• A molecule that carries genetic information.

• A type of carbohydrate that provides energy to cells.

Exothermic

• A chemical reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat.

• A chemical reaction that releases energy in the form of heat.

• A reaction that occurs only in the presence of light.

• A reaction that produces gas as a byproduct.

Carbohydrate

• A type of protein used for muscle building.

• A macromolecule consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, used for quick energy in the cell.

• A lipid that stores energy in the body.

• A vitamin that helps in the absorption of calcium.

Substrate

• A molecule that an enzyme reacts with.

• A type of enzyme that speeds up reactions.

• A product formed after an enzyme reaction.

• A molecule that inhibits enzyme activity.

Fatty acid

• Building block of proteins.

• Building block of carbohydrates.

• Building block of lipids.

• Building block of nucleic acids.

Endothermic

• A chemical reaction that releases energy.

• A chemical reaction that absorbs energy.

• A physical change that occurs at high temperatures.

• A process that occurs spontaneously without energy input.