REVIEW FOR Q1 GC1

Which of the following best defines matter?

• Anything that has energy and occupies space.

• Anything that possesses mass and occupies space.

• Anything that can be seen and touched.

• Anything that undergoes chemical changes.

Answer explanation

The correct definition of matter is anything that possesses mass and occupies space. This encompasses all physical substances, while the other options are either too broad or specific.

What percentage of the universe's total composition is estimated to be visible matter?

• Approximately 95%

• Approximately 50%

• Approximately 5%

• Approximately 1%

Answer explanation

Visible matter, which includes stars, planets, and galaxies, makes up only about 5% of the universe's total composition. The majority consists of dark matter and dark energy, which are not visible.

Which of the following is an example of a physical property?

• Flammability

• Reactivity

• Melting point

• Corrosivity

Answer explanation

The melting point is a physical property, as it describes a characteristic of a substance without changing its chemical composition. In contrast, flammability, reactivity, and corrosivity are chemical properties.

Which of the following is an example of a chemical property?

• Density

• Boiling point

• Hardness

• Oxidation

Answer explanation

Oxidation is a chemical property because it describes how a substance reacts with oxygen, indicating a change in its chemical composition. In contrast, density, boiling point, and hardness are physical properties.

A property that depends on the amount of matter present in a sample is called:

• Intensive property

• Extensive property

• Chemical property

• Physical property

Answer explanation

An extensive property depends on the amount of matter in a sample, such as mass and volume. In contrast, intensive properties, like density, do not change with the amount of substance. Therefore, the correct answer is extensive property.

Which of the following is an intensive property?

• Mass

• Volume

• Temperature

• Total energy

Answer explanation

Temperature is an intensive property because it does not depend on the amount of substance present. In contrast, mass, volume, and total energy are extensive properties, which do depend on the quantity of material.

What type of change occurs when ice melts into liquid water?

• Chemical change

• Nuclear change

• Physical change

• Irreversible change

Answer explanation

When ice melts into liquid water, it undergoes a physical change. This process involves a change in state from solid to liquid without altering the chemical composition of the substance.

Burning wood is an example of what type of change?

• Physical change

• Chemical change

• Phase transition

• Extensive change

Answer explanation

Burning wood is a chemical change because it transforms the wood into new substances (ash, smoke, gases) through a reaction with oxygen, unlike physical changes that do not alter the substance's chemical composition.

Which state of matter has a definite shape and volume?

• Liquid

• Gas

• Plasma

• Solid

Answer explanation

A solid has a definite shape and volume, unlike liquids, gases, and plasmas, which do not maintain a fixed shape. Solids are characterized by closely packed particles that vibrate in place.

Which state of matter expands to fill any container and is highly compressible?

• Solid

• Liquid

• Gas

• Bose-Einstein Condensate

Answer explanation

Gas is the state of matter that expands to fill any container and is highly compressible, unlike solids and liquids which have fixed shapes and volumes.