Unit 1 Vocabulary- Genetics

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Dominant

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A trait that takes over or masks the effect of another trait in a heterozygous condition.

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Chromosome

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Threadlike structures located in the nucleus of a cell that contain genes.

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Gene

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A section of DNA that controls a specific trait.

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Zygote

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A new cell formed by the union of two gametes (sperm and egg).

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Inheritance

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The genetic traits passed down from parents to offspring.

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Recessive

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A trait that is masked by a dominant trait and only expressed in a homozygous condition.

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DNA

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Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic information.

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Allele

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Different forms of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome.

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Phenotype

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The observable physical or biochemical characteristics of an organism, determined by its genotype.

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Genotype

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The genetic makeup of an organism, representing the alleles it possesses.