Pathology Quiz on Haemodynamic Disorders

What is hyperemia?

• Increased volume of blood from arterial and arteriolar dilatation

• Impaired venous drainage

• Escape of blood from a blood vessel

• Deficient blood supply to part of a tissue

What is venous congestion?

• Increased volume of blood from arterial and arteriolar dilatation

• Impaired venous drainage

• Escape of blood from a blood vessel

• Deficient blood supply to part of a tissue

What is hemorrhage?

• Increased volume of blood from arterial and arteriolar dilatation

• Impaired venous drainage

• Escape of blood from a blood vessel

• Deficient blood supply to part of a tissue

What is ischemia?

• Inadequate cardiac output

• Obstruction in arterial blood supply

• Blockage in venous drainage

• All of the above

What are the risk factors for pulmonary thromboembolism?

• Bed-ridden / immobilised patients

• Women - late pregnancy, use of contraceptive pills

• Both A and B

• None of the above

What is the definition of shock?

• An acute reduction of effective circulating blood volume

• A sudden increase in blood pressure

• A chronic condition of low blood flow

• None of the above

What is the primary cause of cardiogenic shock?

• Myocardial infarction

• Severe dehydration

• Sepsis

• Pneumonia

What is the main consequence of chronic venous insufficiency?

• Improved oxygen delivery to tissues

• Decreased risk of thrombosis

• Varicose veins

• Increased blood flow to the heart

What is the most common symptom of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?

• Swelling in the affected leg

• Shortness of breath

• Chest pain

• Headache

What is the most common cause of pulmonary embolism?

• Myocardial infarction

• Deep vein thrombosis

• Heart failure

• Pneumonia