Changes on Earth

What is the crack formed in the Earth due to the breaking of rocks at the plate boundaries called?

• Fault

• Fold

• Ridge

• Valley

What is the opening on the Earth's surface formed due to the pressure from the magma and hot gases trying to come out called?

• Vent

• Crater

• Fault

• Geyser

Which of the following correctly states 2 similarities and 1 difference between an earthquake and a volcanic eruption?

• Both are natural disasters and can cause destruction; earthquakes are caused by tectonic movements, while volcanic eruptions involve magma.

• Both are caused by magma movement and always occur together; earthquakes are less destructive than volcanic eruptions.

• Both only occur near oceans and are caused by weather; earthquakes involve water, volcanic eruptions involve fire.

• Both are man-made events and happen due to mining; earthquakes are always stronger than volcanic eruptions.

Endogenic forces cause earthquakes and volcanic eruptions by:

• creating movements and pressure within the Earth's crust

• cooling the Earth's surface rapidly

• increasing rainfall and weathering

• reducing the Earth's gravity

If there were no volcanoes in the world, which type of landforms would be missing from the Earth?

• Volcanic mountains

• Plateaus

• Valleys

• Deserts

Select the option that correctly states 1 similarity and 2 differences between physical and chemical weathering.

• Both break down rocks; physical weathering does not change composition, chemical weathering does; physical is caused by temperature, chemical by reactions.

• Both involve water; physical weathering forms new substances, chemical does not; physical is slower, chemical is faster.

• Both require living organisms; physical weathering changes color, chemical does not; physical is caused by acids, chemical by wind.

• Both occur only in deserts; physical weathering adds minerals, chemical removes them; physical is caused by plants, chemical by sunlight.

Chemical weathering and biological weathering are most common in which type of climate?

• Hot and wet climate

• Cold and dry climate

• Hot and dry climate

• Cold and wet climate

Raj visited a mountain which was the source of a river. What kind of landform, created by river erosion, is he likely to see there and how could it have been formed?

• A V-shaped valley formed by river erosion cutting through the mountain

• A sand dune formed by wind deposition

• A delta formed at the river's mouth

• A plateau formed by volcanic activity

Identify the landform from the picture and choose the correct option.

• Plateau

• Floodplain

• V-shaped valley

• Waterfall

Identify the different landforms that are created in a river's upper, middle, and lower courses.

• V-shaped valleys, meanders, and deltas

• Plateaus, sand dunes, and cliffs

• Oceans, glaciers, and mountains

• Lakes, waterfalls, and deserts