Cause-&-effect in "U.S. Constitution: A Graphic Adaptation"

Which document is the passage adapted from?

• The United States Constitution: A Graphic Adaptation

• The Federalist Papers

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Bill of Rights

Based on panels 3-4, what was the direct result of Federalists writing and publishing the Federalist Papers?

• Anti-Federalists immediately changed their minds about the Constitution

• The Constitutional Convention was called to order

• They influenced public opinion in favor of ratification

• The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution

Analyze the cause-and-effect relationship shown in panels 5-6. How did the historical examples from European conflicts (the cause) influence the Federalists' arguments for union (the effect)? Use specific evidence from the text.

In panel 7, what cause-and-effect relationship does the rope-pulling metaphor demonstrate?

• Individual states pulling apart causes the nation to weaken

• Working together as a union causes greater stability and strength

• Strong leadership causes others to follow automatically

• Too many people involved causes confusion and chaos

In panel 7, the idea that "united we stand, divided we fall" caused the Federalists to argue that ​ (a)   would make all states stronger and more stable.

• forming a union
• increasing state independence
• promoting individualism
• allowing states to compete

According to panels 8-9, when only eight states initially ratified the Constitution, this event caused Federalists to realize they needed to ​ (a)   their arguments to win over the remaining states.

• improve
• weaken
• ignore
• simplify

The Anti-Federalists' fear of government tyranny (panels 4 and 11) directly resulted in their demand for an explicit ​ (a)   to protect individual freedoms.

• Bill of Rights
• Constitutional Monarchy
• Federalist Papers
• Social Contract

According to panels 10-11, what event caused Virginia and New York to initially refuse ratification?

• Fear that the federal government would become too powerful

• Disagreement about taxation policies

• Concerns about foreign invasion

• Problems with trade between states

Examine panels 12-13. Explain how individual leaders' actions (cause) led to the successful ratification process (effect). What specific compromise did they make, and why was it necessary?

In panels 14-15, what interaction between opposing groups led to the creation of the Bill of Rights?

• Federalists demanded more government power, so Anti-Federalists compromised

• Anti-Federalists feared government tyranny, so Federalists promised individual protections

• Both groups wanted the same rights, so they worked together from the beginning

• Foreign countries threatened invasion, so both groups united for defense