Protein Structure and Function Concepts

Which of the following is NOT a role that proteins can play in the body?

• Forming channels in cell membranes.

• Serving as enzymes for biological processes.

• Storing genetic information.

• Protecting the body from harm.

What cellular structure is primarily responsible for making proteins?

• Nucleus

• Mitochondria

• Ribosome

• Cell membrane

Besides being a long chain of amino acids, what else is often required for a protein to become functional?

• It must be stored in the nucleus.

• It needs to undergo specific modifications.

• It must be broken down into smaller units.

• It needs to be combined with carbohydrates.

Why is the specific shape of a protein important?

• It determines the protein's color.

• It allows the protein to perform its specific function.

• It helps the protein to dissolve in water.

• It indicates the protein's age.

How do protein receptors and signal molecules interact to start a cellular response?

• They repel each other.

• They fit together perfectly like a lock and key.

• They exchange genetic material.

• They dissolve into each other.

What characteristic allows enzymes to interact with specific substrates?

• Their color.

• Their ability to change temperature.

• Their very specific shape.

• Their electrical charge.

What are the building blocks, or monomers, that make up proteins?

• Glucose

• Fatty acids

• Amino acids

• Nucleotides

What type of bond holds amino acids together in a protein's primary structure?

• Ionic bonds

• Hydrogen bonds

• Peptide bonds

• Disulfide bonds

What determines the specific order and number of amino acids in a protein?

• The cell's energy level.

• The amount of water available.

• Genes, which are made of DNA.

• The protein's final function.

What can happen if even a single amino acid in a protein's sequence is changed?

• The protein will become stronger.

• The protein's function may be affected.

• The protein will change color.

• The protein will multiply.