An infant has been admitted with encephalitis. The nurse should first assess the patient's?

• A) Pupillary response 
  

• B) Blood glucose level 
  

•  
  C) Level of consciousness 
  

• 
  D) Airway Patency

Answer explanation

Answer: D) Airway Patency: The first priority after admitting an infant with encephalitis is to assess the patient's ability to maintain airway patency. Such patients can develop rapid neurologic deterioration, and the nurse must be prepared to support the airway, oxygenation, and ventilation as needed. 
A) Pupillary Response: The infant with encephalitis should be monitored for changes in neurologic status, including pupillary response. However, assessing the patient;s ability to maintain airway patency is the first priority. 
B) Blood Glucose Level: The infant with encephalitis will need blood glucose levels monitored, especially if unable to maintain adequate oral intake. However, assessing the patient's ability to maintain airway patency is the first priority. 
C) Level of consciousness: The infant with encephalitis should be monitored for changes in neurologic status, including assessment of the level of consciousness. However, assessing the patient's ability to maintain airway patency is the first priority. 

Which immunization is particularly important for college-bound adolescents planning to live in a dormitory? 

• A) influenza 
  

• B) meningococcal (MCV) 
  

• C) pneumococcal polysaccharide (PPSV) 
  

• D) tetanus, diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis (Tdap) 

Answer explanation

Answer: B) meningococcal (MCV) 
Rationale: The highest number of fatalities for invasive meningococcal disease occurs in adolescents between 15 and 21 years of age. This is particularly true of college freshmen living in dormitories since it is easy for infections to spread in crowded dorms or enclosed areas where students often meet. The CDC recommends meningococcal vaccination for all adolescents. If the vaccination is received before 16 years of age, adolescents need a booster dose for maximum protection before going to college. Many colleges require proof of vaccination before starting school. Tdap boosters should be given at 11-12 years of age and subsequently every 10 years. The influenza vaccine is recommended every year but is given prior to flu season and not before leaving for college typically in late summer. The pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine is given for certain medical high-risk groups and healthy college bound adolescents are not included. 

Which of the following is a common early sign of increased intracranial pressure in infants?

• D) Bradycardia

• C) High-pitched cry
  

• B) Sunken fontanel
  

• A) Projectile vomiting
  

Answer explanation

Increased Intracranial Pressure:

This pressure can affect the nerves controlling vocal cords, potentially altering the cry's pitch and causing it to be higher than normal

What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of viral encephalitis in a pediatric unit?

• C) Isolating all patients
  

• A) Administering antibiotics
  

• B) Strict hand hygiene
  

• D) Providing vitamin supplements

Answer explanation

Hand hygiene is the most crucial action in preventing infection transmission because hands are a primary vector for spreading germs. Germs, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi, can easily transfer from hands to the body or other surfaces, leading to illness. Proper handwashing or sanitizing removes or kills these germs, interrupting the transmission cycle

Viruses can also be called ______________

• flagella
• parasites
• decomposers
• pathogens

Answer explanation

Viruses are often called parasites because, like parasites, they depend on a host organism to survive and reproduce. They cannot carry out these basic life processes independently and must infect living cells to replicate. This reliance on a host for replication and survival is a key characteristic of parasitism

Which of the following is a cytogenetic feature for a patient diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma? 
 

• CD20

• Translocation of B-cell immunoglobulin genes 
  

• 
  ALK protein gene rearrangements 
  

• 
  Basophilic cytoplasm with large nuclei

Answer explanation

Burkitt's lymphoma is characterized by specific chromosome translocations that involve the MYC oncogene and immunoglobulin genes. These translocations, most commonly t(8;14), but also t(2;8) and t(8;22), place the MYC gene under the control of an immunoglobulin gene enhancer, leading to overexpression of MYC and uncontrolled cell proliferation

 

A school-aged child with autism is admitted with a fractured femur and possible head injury. Which of the following is important to promote adjustment to the hospital setting?

• A) Assign a child life therapist per shift 
  

• B) Encourage lots of visitors 
  

• C) Adhere to a home schedule 
  

• 
  D) Initiate new activities to keep the patient occupied

Answer explanation

Answer: C) Adhere to a home schedule: Autism spectrum disorders are a complex neurodevelopmental disorder of brain function accompanied by a broad range and severity of intellectual and behavioral deficits, which is best managed when adhering to a schedule and minimizing change, so adhering to a home schedule is optimal. The schedule allows the child and family to optimally cope.

An adolescent with sickle cell disease is started on hydroxyurea. The nurse reviews the side effects of this drug including the patient’s increased risk for

• Infection

• Diarrhea

• Cardiac Arrhythmias

• Interstitial Pneumonitis

Answer explanation

Rationale: Myelosuppression is a common side effect of hydroxyurea. Resulting neutropenia puts the patient at increased risk for infection.

Why are all Neuroblastoma patients recieveing dinutuximab on a PCA?

What would you like to see in future quizzes?

• Critical Care

• Oncology

• General Pediatrics

• CHOP policies/procedures

• Something else...

Answer explanation

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