Exploring Programming Language Concepts

What is the Bohm-Jacopini structured program theorem?

• The theorem claims that computation can only be expressed through graphical representations.

• The theorem asserts that only linear programming can be structured this way.

• The theorem states that all programs must use recursion exclusively.

• The theorem states that any computation can be expressed using only sequence, selection, and iteration.

Name the three main paradigms of the imperative programming paradigm.

• Functional programming

• Procedural programming, Object-oriented programming, Concurrent programming

• Declarative programming

• Scripting programming

What distinguishes object-oriented programming from procedural programming?

• OOP focuses on functions, while procedural programming focuses on data.

• OOP does not support inheritance, while procedural programming does.

• OOP uses objects and classes, while procedural programming uses procedures and functions.

• OOP is only used for web development, while procedural programming is for desktop applications.

Define the declarative programming paradigm and give examples.

• Examples of declarative programming include SQL for database queries, HTML for web page structure, and functional programming languages like Haskell.

• Python for scripting tasks

• C++ for system programming

• Java for web development

What is the significance of machine codes in programming?

• Machine codes are only used for high-level programming languages.

• Machine codes are irrelevant to hardware communication.

• Machine codes slow down the execution of programs.

• Machine codes are significant because they enable direct communication with the hardware, allowing for efficient execution and control of computer operations.

Explain the concept of dynamic memory allocation.

• Dynamic memory allocation is a method to allocate memory at compile time.

• Dynamic memory allocation is only used for static data structures.

• Dynamic memory allocation allows programs to allocate memory during execution, enabling flexible memory usage.

• Dynamic memory allocation prevents memory leaks in all cases.

What are the overheads associated with subroutine and method calls?

• Memory allocation only

• Function return values

• Loop execution time

• Overheads include state saving, stack allocation, jump execution, and cleanup.

• Variable initialization

How does object serialization work in programming?

• Object serialization is only used for database storage.

• Object serialization converts an object into a storable/transmittable format, and deserialization reconstructs it back.

• Deserialization is the process of deleting an object.

• Object serialization is a method for encrypting data.

What is parallel computing and why is it important?

• Parallel computing is only useful for small tasks.

• Parallel computing is important because it enhances computational speed and efficiency, enabling the handling of large-scale problems and data-intensive applications that would be impractical with sequential computing.

• Parallel computing reduces the need for multiple processors.

• Parallel computing is primarily used for graphic design applications.

Discuss the suitability of multiple programming paradigms in software development.

• Multiple programming paradigms limit code reusability.

• Multiple programming paradigms enhance flexibility and adaptability in software development.

• Multiple programming paradigms complicate the development process.

• Using a single programming paradigm is always more efficient.