2. Organic Compounds

Hydrolysis Reaction

• A chemical reaction in which water is used to break down a compound.

• A process that involves the synthesis of compounds using water.

• A reaction that occurs only in acidic conditions.

• A method of separating compounds using heat.

Carbon

• A chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6, essential to all living organisms.

• A colorless, odorless gas that is a byproduct of combustion.

• A liquid metal used in thermometers and electrical applications.

• A type of organic compound found in living organisms.

Monomer

• The small pieces that build larger molecules. Can be bonded together to make polymers.

• A type of large molecule made up of many smaller units.

• A chemical reaction that breaks down polymers into monomers.

• A process of combining multiple monomers to form a polymer.

Catabolic Reaction (catabolism)

• A metabolic pathway that builds up molecules into larger units, consuming energy.

• A metabolic pathway that breaks down molecules into smaller units, releasing energy.

• A process that occurs only in plants to produce glucose.

• A type of reaction that does not involve energy changes.

Organic Compound

• A compound that contains carbon and is found in living things.

• A compound that contains only hydrogen and oxygen.

• A compound that is exclusively found in minerals.

• A compound that does not contain carbon.

Protein

• Large molecules composed of amino acids, essential for the structure and function of cells.

• Small molecules that provide energy to cells.

• Simple sugars that are used for quick energy.

• Lipids that store energy and provide insulation.

Nucleic Acid

• Polymers that determine the characteristics of an individual, that can be passed on from generation to generation

• Simple sugars that provide energy to cells

• Proteins that catalyze biochemical reactions

• Lipids that store energy and make up cell membranes

Carbohydrate

• Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, serving as a major energy source. Often referred to as sugars.

• A type of protein that helps in muscle building.

• A mineral essential for bone health.

• A type of fat that is solid at room temperature.

Valence Electron Shell

• The innermost shell of an atom that contains protons.

• The outermost shell of an atom that contains electrons involved in forming bonds.

• The shell that contains only neutrons.

• The shell that is always filled with electrons.

Polymer

• A small molecule composed of a single subunit.

• A large molecule composed of many repeated subunits, known as monomers.

• A type of chemical reaction that breaks down polymers.

• A natural substance that cannot be synthesized.