Exploring Database Fundamentals

What is a database?

• A database is a type of software used for web browsing.

• A database is a programming language for creating applications.

• A database is a physical storage device for files.

• A database is an organized collection of data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated.

What are the main types of databases?

• In-memory, Distributed, XML-based

• Relational, NoSQL, Object-oriented, Graph

• Hierarchical, Time-series, Spatial

• Flat-file, Key-value, Document-oriented

Define relational database management system (RDBMS).

• A relational database management system (RDBMS) is a system that manages data in a structured format using tables, allowing for relationships between data and supporting SQL for data manipulation.

• A database system that does not support SQL for data manipulation.

• A type of software that manages only text files and documents.

• A system that only stores unstructured data without relationships.

What is SQL and its purpose in databases?

• SQL is a type of database software.

• SQL is used for creating web applications.

• SQL is a programming language used to manage and manipulate relational databases.

• SQL is a markup language for designing websites.

Explain the concept of primary key in a database.

• A primary key is a unique identifier for a record in a database table, ensuring uniqueness and non-null values.

• A primary key is used to store large amounts of data in a single record.

• A primary key is an optional field that can be left blank.

• A primary key can be duplicated across records in a table.

What is normalization and why is it important?

• Normalization is the technique of compressing data to save space.

• Normalization is the process of organizing data in a database to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

• Normalization is the process of deleting all data from a database.

• Normalization is a method for increasing data redundancy.

Describe the difference between a table and a view.

• A table stores data physically, while a view is a virtual representation of data from one or more tables.

• A table is a temporary storage area, while a view is a permanent data structure.

• A table is used for calculations, while a view is used for data entry.

• A table can only contain one type of data, whereas a view can combine multiple data types.

What is a foreign key and how does it relate to primary keys?

• A foreign key is a type of primary key.

• A foreign key is used to delete records from a table.

• A foreign key is a field that links to a primary key in another table, establishing a relationship between the two.

• A foreign key is a unique identifier for a table.

What are the ACID properties in database transactions?

• Accuracy, Clarity, Integrity, Stability

• Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability

• Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Accessibility

• Atomicity, Concurrency, Isolation, Reliability

What is the purpose of indexing in databases?

• To increase data redundancy.

• To simplify database design.

• The purpose of indexing in databases is to speed up data retrieval.

• To enhance data security.