Psychology Chapter 3 Biology & Behavior

What are the two parts of the nervous system?

• The central nervous system and the peripheral nervous system.

• The respiratory system and the digestive system.

• The muscular system and the skeletal system.

• The circulatory system and the endocrine system.

What consists of the brain and the spinal cord?

• Central nervous system

• Peripheral nervous system

• Respiratory system

• Digestive system

What is made up of nerve cells that send messages between the central nervous system and all the parts of the body?

• Peripheral nervous system

• Respiratory system

• Digestive system

• Skeletal system

What is another word for nerve cells?

• Neurons.

• Capillaries.

• Osteocytes.

• Myocytes.

What sends and receives messages from other structures of the body? Give an example.

• Neurons such as muscles and glands.

• Bones such as femur and tibia.

• Blood cells such as red and white cells.

• Skin cells such as epidermis and dermis.

What do neurons consist of?

• Cell body, dendrites, and an axon.

• Only axons and synapses.

• Nucleus and mitochondria only.

• Blood vessels and cartilage.

Explain what neurotransmitters are.

• Chemicals that are stored in sacs in the axon terminals.

• Electrical impulses that travel along the neuron.

• Proteins that form the structure of the cell membrane.

• Hormones released by endocrine glands.

What size is the column of nerves that is protected by the spinal cord?

• Thick as a thumb.

• As wide as a pencil.

• As thin as a hair.

• As big as a fist.

What is a spinal reflex? Give an example.

• An automatic response to something. The removal of the hand after touching a hot stove is a spinal reflex.

• A conscious decision made by the brain to move a muscle. For example, deciding to wave at a friend.

• A type of muscle cramp that occurs during exercise. For example, a leg cramp while running.

• A voluntary action controlled by the cerebrum. For example, writing with a pen.

What nervous system lies outside the CNS and is responsible for transmitting messages between the CNS and all parts of the body?

• Peripheral nervous system

• Central nervous system

• Autonomic nervous system

• Somatic nervous system