Ôn tập Sinh học tế bào động vật

Câu 1: which of the following is a monosaccharide?

• Chitin

• Cellulose

• Glucose

• Glycogen

Câu 2: what type of bond links amino acids in a protein?

• Peptide bond

• Glycosidic bond

• Ester bond

• Phosphodiester bond

Câu 3: what is the primary function of glycogen in animals?

• Cell membrane formation

• Energy storage

• Genetic information storage

• Structural support

Câu 4: which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?

• Ribosome

• Golgi apparatus

• Mitochondria

• Nucleus

Câu 5: what distinguishes the secondary structure of a protein?

• Sequence of amino acids

• Local folding patterns (e.g.,a-helices)

• 3D shape of the entire polypeptide

• Interactions between multiple polypeptide chains

Câu 6: which mutation type would not be inherited by offspring?

• Point mutation in a zygote

• Somatic mutation in skin cells

• Germline mutation in sperm

• Chromosomal translocation in oocytes

Câu 7: how would a mutation in the TATA box of a promoter likely affect transcription?

• Increase RNA polymerase binding

• Activate silent genes

• Prevent transcription initiation

• Cause frameshifts in the mRNA

Câu 8: what is the role of glycosylase in base excision repair (BER)?

• Recognizes and removes damaged bases

• Unwinds DNA at replication forks

• Synthesizes new DNA strands

• Joins Okazaki fragments

Câu 9: how does a nonsense mutation differ from a missense mutation?

• Nonsense introduces a stop codon; missense changes one amino acid

• Both change amino acids, but nonsense is reversible

• Missense mutations are silent

• Nonsense mutations only occur in introns

Câu 10: why are frameshift mutations often more severe than point mutations?

• They alter the reading frame, changing all downstream codons

• They are always silent

• They only affect one amino acid

• They only occur in non-coding regions