Ch 4: Choosing a Research Design

1. ____aims at classifying behaviors in a given research area and identifying variables involved in explaining the behavior of interest.

• Statistical analysis
• Naturalistic observation
• Exploratory data collection and analysis
• Inferential statistics

2. _____ is defined as a scientific activity that consists of forming tentative explanations for behavior and then validating those tentative explanations.

• Demonstration
• Hypothesis testing
• Statistical analysis
• Simulation

3. In a ______ relationship, changes in one variable produce changes in another.

• causal
• correlational
• confounded
• hypothetical

4. Dr. Mascatuercas varies the temperature of his laboratory (70F, 80F, 90F) and notices that his subjects' aggression increases with temperature. This shows:

• no relationship between temperature and agression.
• a causal relationship between temperature and aggression.
• a correlational relationship between temperature and aggression.
• an unsystematic relationship between temperature and aggression.

5. A(n) _____relationship is one in which values of variables covary in some way, but not necessary causally.

• confounded
• experimental
• correlational
• causal

6. In a correlational research, your main interest is to :

• uncover clear causal connections.
• re-create the real world as closely as possible in the laboratory.
• find out whether two or more variables covary and to establish the direction of any observed relationship.
• All of the answers are correct.

7. The values of a(n) _____variable are set by the experimenter.

• extraneous
• confounding
• independent
• dependent

8. An experiment explored the effect of alcohol consumption (1, 3, or 5 drinks) on simulated driving. The simulated driving constitutes the ____variable.

• independent
• dependent
• correlational
• extraneous

9. A(n) ____variable is a variable that may affect the behavior you are investigating but is not of interest to you.

• independent
• dependent
• correlational
• extraneous

10. In a simple two-group experiment, the group of subjects receiving the treatment is called the _____ group, while the group of subjects NOT receiving the treatment is called the _____ group.

• treated, demonstration
• experimental, control
• independent, dependent
• control, experimental