Scientific Revolution Summative

Chronology question: Which came first on the timeline of World History in Europe?

• Science Revolution

• Medieval Era

• Enlightenment

• Industrial Revolution

Place the following eras in chronological order.  The era that is most recent should be on the right, while the era that is oldest on the timeline should be on the left.

• Time of Aristotle Teaching in Ancient Greece

• Scientific Revolution

• Medieval Era

Which is true of the Medieval Era?

• it occurred from about 1100 AD to about 1500 AD in Europe

• it taught heliocentric theory

• it wanted nothing to do with the Bible or Aristotle

• it occurred after the Science Revolution

Which ancient Greek philosopher influenced Medieval European beliefs about science the most?

• Aristotle

• Cicero

• Galileo

• Copernicus

Aristotle taught ​ (a)   theory.  The Catholic Church officially taught the same theory during the Medieval Era.

• geocentric
• heliocentric
• plutocentric

Aristotle lived in the 300s BC in Ancient Greece.  His ideas spread far and wide, which is one of the reasons why we study him today.

Around 50 AD, a man named Cicero helped govern Ancient Rome.  Hundreds of miles away and hundreds of years apart, Aristotle's idea's still influenced Cicero. Cicero wrote a story called Scipio's Dream.  In the story, Cicero writes about Scipio--another Roman politician from history--having a dream.  In the dream, Scipio meets Africanus.  Africanus says the following to Scipio after taking Scipio far away from Earth and out beyond the sun, moon, and stars. 

Showing Scipio all of the universe from it's most outer edge, Africanus speaks to Scipio:

"Come!" said Africanus, "how long will your mind be chained to the earth? Do you see into what regions you have come? See! the universe is linked together in nine circles or rather spheres; one of which is that of the heavens, the outermost of all, which embraces all the other spheres, the supreme deity, which keeps in and holds together all the others; and to this are attached those everlasting orbits of the stars."

For this question, click on the part of the image below that shows that Cicero believed the same as Aristotle, that out beyond the stars lived the Prime Mover, or God.

Aristotle lived in the 300s BC in Ancient Greece.  His ideas spread far and wide, which is one of the reasons why we study him today.

Around 50 AD, a man named Cicero helped govern Ancient Rome.  Hundreds of miles away and hundreds of years apart, Aristotle's idea's still influenced Cicero. Cicero wrote a story called Scipio's Dream.  In the story, Cicero writes about Scipio--another Roman politician from history--having a dream.  In the dream, Scipio meets Africanus.  Africanus says the following to Scipio after taking Scipio far away from Earth and out beyond the sun, moon, and stars. 

Showing Scipio all of the universe from it's most outer edge, Africanus speaks to Scipio:

"Come!" said Africanus, "how long will your mind be chained to the earth? Do you see into what regions you have come? See! the universe is linked together in nine circles or rather spheres; one of which is that of the heavens, the outermost of all, which embraces all the other spheres, the supreme deity, which keeps in and holds together all the others; and to this are attached those everlasting orbits of the stars."

For this question, click on the part of the image below that shows that Cicero believed the same as Aristotle, that the sun was not the center of the universe but instead was only midway between Heaven (the farthest out) and Earth (the center).

When the Catholic Church came along, about 400 years after Cicero and about 650 years after Aristotle, they began to take some of the ideas of Aristotle and look for ways to make them fit with the Bible.

Which of the following would have been who the Catholic Church said was the "supreme being" of Cicero's story, the "Prime Mover" of Aristotle's theories, that lived out beyond the stars?

• The Greek god Zeus

• The Muslim Allah

• The Christian God

• the Roman god Jupiter

What era did the Catholic Church teach about the universe revolving around the Earth and teaching the people of Europe that God lived out beyond the farthest stars while also teaching that the sun orbited the Earth too?

• Industrial Revolution

• Medieval Era

• Ancient Greece

• Ancient Rome

Consider Aristotle's and the Medieval Catholic Church's view of the solar system/universe.  

Put the planets/heavenly bodies in the order which Medieval thinkers believed in.

The ones that they thought were closest to Earth, put at the left.  The one farthest from the Earth put to the right. Everything in between should be ordered appropriately. 

• Mercury

• Empyrean Heaven, or the highest heaven

• Sun

• Moon

• Venus