Chapter 2 Review

Spanish exploration and the Catholic Church

• Spain aimed to bring the faithless into the light of civilized religions.

• Spain sought to conquer new territories without regard for religion.

• The Catholic Church opposed Spanish exploration and colonization.

• Spanish explorers were primarily motivated by trade and wealth.

Religious Groups

• Groups like the Puritans sought to escape religious persecution by moving to the Americas.

• The Puritans were known for their acceptance of all religious beliefs.

• Religious groups in the Americas were primarily focused on trade and commerce.

• The Puritans were a political party in England.

Opportunity for the Poor

• The English upper class believed colonization would create jobs for the poor and unemployed in England.

• The English upper class thought colonization would lead to the downfall of the poor in England.

• The English upper class viewed colonization as a way to enrich themselves at the expense of the poor.

• The English upper class saw colonization as a means to reduce the population of the poor in England.

England's Competition

• Like Spain, England wanted to add North America to its growing empire and not miss out on the benefits of conquests.

• England was primarily focused on expanding its influence in Asia.

• England sought to establish trade routes in Africa.

• England aimed to conquer Australia for its resources.

Religion and Conversion

• The French aimed to spread Christianity and convert American Indians to Catholicism.

• The French sought to eliminate all forms of religion among American Indians.

• The French encouraged American Indians to adopt their own indigenous beliefs.

• The French were primarily focused on trade and economic gain rather than religion.

Spanish explorers' motivation for dangerous voyages

• The pursuit of wealth and new lands drove them to take risks.

• They sought to spread Christianity across the globe.

• They were searching for new trade routes to Asia.

• They aimed to escape political turmoil in Europe.

The First Great Awakening was a period of religious revival in the early 1700s.

• The Great Awakening is considered the first national event shared by all the colonies.

• The Great Awakening primarily focused on the rise of secularism in the colonies.

• The Great Awakening was a movement that discouraged religious participation.

• The Great Awakening occurred exclusively in New England.

European nations' competition for new lands

• Led to the establishment of empires and exploration.

• Resulted in the decline of trade routes.

• Encouraged cultural isolationism among nations.

• Promoted the spread of democracy in Europe.

England secured markets for its products in the colonies.

• The colonies provided secure markets for English products.

• The colonies were primarily agricultural and did not trade with England.

• England relied on local markets for its products.

• The colonies produced goods that were not sold in England.

Spanish explorers' impact on American Indians

• Engaged in war and conversion efforts.

• Established peaceful trade relations.

• Promoted cultural exchange and cooperation.

• Ignored the presence of American Indians.