Research Strategies

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 1. Scientific Method: ____________

• A systematic process for gathering knowledge and testing hypotheses through observation and experimentation.

• A random guess made without any evidence or testing.

• A set of beliefs accepted without question or proof.

• A method of storytelling used to entertain audiences.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 2. Confirmation Bias: ____________

• The tendency to search for, interpret, and remember information in a way that confirms one's preexisting beliefs or hypotheses.

• The ability to recall information without any cues or hints.

• The process of learning through rewards and punishments.

• The tendency to forget information over time.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 3. Critical Thinking: ____________

• The objective analysis and evaluation of an issue in order to form a judgment.

• Making decisions based solely on emotions and feelings.

• Accepting information without questioning its validity.

• Relying on others to form opinions for you.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 4. Participant Bias: ____________

• When participants in a study behave in a way they think the experimenter expects or desires.

• When researchers unintentionally influence the outcome of a study.

• When the sample chosen for a study does not represent the population.

• When participants drop out of a study before it is completed.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 5. Naturalistic Observation: ____________

• Observing subjects in their natural environment without interference.

• Conducting experiments in a laboratory setting.

• Interviewing subjects about their experiences.

• Manipulating variables to observe the outcome.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 6. Case Study: ____________

• An in-depth analysis of an individual, group, or event to explore causation and find underlying principles.

• A brief summary of a research article or book chapter.

• A statistical method used to analyze survey data.

• A laboratory experiment conducted under controlled conditions.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 7. Correlational Study: ____________

• A research method that examines the relationship between two or more variables without manipulating them.

• A study that involves manipulating one variable to observe its effect on another.

• A method that only describes individual cases without looking for relationships.

• A research approach that focuses solely on cause-and-effect relationships.

Write the definition for each term in your own words. 8. Survey Method: ____________

• A research method in which information is gathered from people through questionnaires or interviews.

• A method of conducting experiments in a laboratory setting.

• A technique for analyzing historical documents and records.

• A process of observing behavior in a natural environment.

Define the following term: Population.

• Population: The entire group of individuals or instances about whom the data is collected in a study.

• Population: A single individual selected for a study.

• Population: The process of analyzing data collected from a sample.

• Population: The method used to organize data in a table.

Define the following term: Random Sample.

• Random Sample: A subset of individuals chosen from a larger set (population) where each individual has an equal chance of being selected.

• Random Sample: A group selected based on specific characteristics from the population.

• Random Sample: A subset chosen only from the first half of the population list.

• Random Sample: A group where selection is based on the researcher's preference.