Bio 1406 Unit 1 Review (Ch. 1-3)

Phospholipids

• are liquid at room temperature

• contain a glycerol and 3 fatty acid chains

• contains a glycerol + phosphate group + 2 fatty acids

• are the monomer of a carbohydrate

Reaction in which a water is removed, such as linking monosaccharides together is known as a

• dehydration reaction

• hydrolysis reaction

• tertiary structure

• ATP reaction

Most macromolecules are made of smaller units called

• polymer

• lipid

• monomer

• peptides

Monomers are joined together by which type of bond?

• hydrogen

• metallic

• ionic

• covalent

Match the following macromolecule with the correct function

• nucleic acid

• movement, energy, regulation, support, immune system, transport

• protein

• energy & storage

• lipid

• storage of genetic information

• carbohydrate

• energy storage, forms cell membranes, body insulation

Match the following macromolecule with the correct monomer

• nucleic acid

• amino acids

• protein

• nucleotide

• carbohydrate

• glycerol & fatty acid

• lipid

• monosaccharide

Match the following types of polysaccharides with their functions

• cellulose

• makes up the exoskeleton of insects

• chitin

• branched fibers energy storage in plants that are easy for humans to digest

• starch

• tough, unbranched fibers that make up the cell walls of plants - humans cannot digest

• glycogen

• branched fibers that provide energy storage in animals

Why can cows digest cellulose but humans cannot?

• humans have four-chambered stomachs that allow the cellulose to pass through undigested

• their four-chambered stomachs host symbiotic microorganisms that produce cellulase enzymes

• humans have a rich microbiome of bacteria that prevent enzymes from making cellulose

• humans stomachs denature cellulose before its digested

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS4-2

Which macromolecule is made up of a glycerol and fatty acids?

• Lipids
• Proteins
• Nucleic Acids
• Carbohydrates

Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• nucleic acids

• proteins