Enlightenment in US government

What was the traditional belief about the source of a king's absolute power before the Enlightenment?

• The will of the people

• Divine right from God

• Military conquest

• Economic prosperity

According to Thomas Hobbes, what is the primary reason people need absolute monarchs to rule over them?

• To ensure economic equality.

• Because people are basically evil and selfish and make bad decisions.

• To promote individual liberty and freedom.

• To establish a democratic system.

Which three natural rights did John Locke believe all people are born with?

• Speech, assembly, and religion

• Life, liberty, and property

• Health, education, and welfare

• Voting, justice, and security

It is the job of the government to ​ (a)   natural rights.

• protect
• remove
• hide

The separation of powers means that we have 3 branches that are separate but equal to one another so that none of them become too powerful. Those branches are Executive, Legislative and what?

• President

• Judicial

• Congress

• Governor

What was Montesquieu's main idea regarding the structure of government to prevent it from abusing its power?

• Granting absolute power to a single ruler.

• Establishing a direct democracy.

• Dividing government into separate branches with balanced powers.

• Allowing citizens to vote on all laws.

What concept describes a contract between the government and the people, where the people have the right to form a new government if the current one fails to protect their rights?

• Separation of Powers

• Natural Rights

• Social Contract

• Religious Tolerance

What was a major focus of Voltaire's philosophy regarding the relationship between government and religion?

• The divine right of kings to enforce religious practice.

• The government should be separate from the church to promote tolerance.

• Religious leaders should hold governmental power.

• Governments should establish a single state religion.

Which Enlightenment thinker advocated for the division of governmental authority into distinct branches, such as executive, legislative, and judicial?

• Voltaire

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• John Locke

• Montesquieu

What significant historical events were influenced by the ideas of Enlightenment thinkers like Locke, Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire?

• The rise of absolute monarchies.

• The American and French Revolutions.

• The establishment of the feudal system.

• The Crusades.