What is the most common trigger of allergic rhinitis?

• Cold weather

• Dust mites

• Viral infections

• Air pollution

• Stress

Which type of hypersensitivity reaction is allergic rhinitis?

• Type I (IgE-mediated)

• Type II (cytotoxic)

• Type III (immune complex)

• Type IV (delayed)

Which comorbidity is most strongly associated with allergic rhinitis?

• Hypertension

• Asthma

• Drug allergy

• Food allergy

Which intranasal drug has both antihistamine and mast cell–stabilizing effects?

• Fluticasone

• Cromolyn sodium

• Loratadine

• Montelukast

Which diagnostic test can measure allergen-specific IgE?

• Spirometry

• RAST (radioallergosorbent test)

• Chest X-ray

• Peak flow meter

1. What cells release histamine in allergic rhinitis?

• • Neutrophils

• • Macrophages

• • Mast cells

• • Eosinophils

1. Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of allergic rhinitis?

• • Nasal congestion

• • Rhinorrhea

• • Conjunctival itching

• • Fever

1. Which drug class is the first-line treatment for allergic rhinitis?

• • Antibiotics

• • Intranasal corticosteroids

• • Beta-blockers

• nasal decongestants

1. Which test confirms allergic rhinitis?

• • Chest X-ray

• • Skin prick test

• • Spirometry

• peak flowmetry

1. Which of the following allergens is seasonal?

• • Pollen

• • Dust mites

• • Animal dander

• • Mold