Properties of Matter Test Review

Soil pH can significantly affect plant health and growth by influencing nutrient availability. Different plants prefer different pH levels. Which plants would best thrive in acidic soil?

• Lavender and Herbs
• Blueberries and Azaleas
• Perennials and Sage
• Sage and Blueberries

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-5

Before opening the public pool for summer, the pool water is tested using a pH test strip and its pH was measured at 8.5. Based on the ideal pH range for safe swimming conditions, what action should be taken to adjust the water's pH?

• Add a pH increaser to raise the pH closer to 9.0 for better sanitation.
• Leave the pH at 8.5 because it is close enough to neutral for swimmers.
• Add a pH reducer to lower the pH into the ideal range of 7.2–7.8.
• Drain the pool completely and refill it with fresh water to reset the pH.

Ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, is essential for immune health and is found in citrus fruits. Orange juice is an example of a substance with vitamin C and can have a tangy taste. However, orange juice can soften tooth enamel which can be avoided if brushing teeth 30 to 40 minutes after consuming. If orange juice is tested with a pH indicator, what would most likely be the pH of orange juice?

• 3-4
• 6-8
• 10-11
• 13-14

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A scientist is measuring the pH of three substances: lemon juice, pure water, and a solution of baking soda. Lemon juice is known to taste sour, water is neutral, and baking soda feels slippery when dissolved in water. Which of the following statements correctly describes the pH relationship between these substances?

• Acids have a higher pH than water, and bases have a lower pH
• Acids have a lower pH than water, and bases have a higher pH
• Acids and bases have the same pH as water
• Both acids and bases have a higher pH than water

A pH scale measures the acidity and basicity of solutions on a scale from 0 to 14. The pH value of  (a)   indicates a neutral substance.

During an investigation, students prepared different solutions and used the neutral pH of water (7) as a reference point to determine whether the solutions were an acid or a base. Litmus paper was used to test the different solutions. Based on the table, which conclusion is accurate about the acidic and basic properties of the substances?

• Substance A and Substance D have pH values below 7, making them acidic.
• Substance A has a pH below 7, making it acidic, and Substance C has a pH above 7, making it basic.
• Substance B has a pH of 12, which is near neutral, and Substance C is acidic because its pH is 14.
• Substance B has a pH closer to neutral, while Substance D has a pH of 4, making it more basic.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

A student is observing nature on a rainy day and notices water droplets collecting on a leaf. Later, the student observes a small insect effortlessly walking on the surface of a small pond. Which best explains the properties of water from the observations? Choose the correct statements.

• Water molecules are cohesive which allows them to stick together and form droplets on the leaf. The insect is able to walk on the water without sinking due to gravity.
• Water molecules are cohesive which allows them to stick together and form droplets on the leaf. The insect is able to walk on the water without sinking due to surface tension.
• Water molecules are adhesive which allows them to stick together and form droplets on the leaf. The insect is able to walk on the water without sinking due to surface tension.
• Water molecules are adhesive which allows them to stick together and form droplets on the leaf. The insect is able to walk on the water without sinking due to gravity.

When water is placed in a narrow glass tube, it rises up the tube without any external force applied. What causes this phenomenon?

• This phenomenon is known as capillary action. The adhesion between water molecules and the glass pulls the water to the glass walls. The surface tension between water molecules drags other water molecules along with it.
• This phenomenon is known as capillary action. The cohesion between water molecules and the glass pulls the water to the glass walls. The cohesion between water molecules drags other water molecules along with it.
• This phenomenon is known as capillary action. The adhesion between water molecules and the glass pulls the water to the glass walls. The cohesion between water molecules drags other water molecules along with it.
• This phenomenon is known as capillary action. The adhesion between water molecules and the glass pulls the water to the glass walls. The adhesion between water molecules drags other water molecules along with it.

During an outdoor investigation, a student noticed water droplets on a leaf forming round shapes that were not falling off the leaf. While taking temperature readings and water samples from the pond, the student also observed how a water bug was able to walk on the surface of the water. Which of the following observations demonstrated the cohesive properties of water? Select TWO correct answers.

• Water droplets on the leaf hold together in round shapes instead of flattening or spreading out.
• Adhesion allows water to stick to the walls of the container when collecting the sample.
• When collecting the pond water, oils from the student's hand form separate layers instead of mixing with the water.
• A water bug is able to walk on the lake surface without breaking through.
• The pond water sample contains debris from the surrounding environment when observed under a microscope.

Water striders are small insects that have an adaptation to live on top of water. The body of the water strider is distributed over the water's surface because of the insect's long, strong, and slender legs. Hairs on the insect's legs repel water and capture air. The insect can be seen on the surface of calm or slow-moving water and prefers places in ponds, vernal pools, and marshes. What is another factor that enables the water strider to move on top of the water?

• The strong interaction at the water's surface creates a tension that supports the insect's weight.
• Water molecules repel air molecules, allowing insects to remain on the surface.
• The legs of the water strider spread its weight evenly across the water surface, enhancing its ability to float.
• Water molecules are attracted to other water molecules creating strong water surface tension for the insects.