Monarchs and Political Conflicts

Glorious Revolution

• Almost no blood was shed and the monarchy was secured

• A violent uprising that led to the execution of the king

• A peaceful transition of power with significant casualties

• A revolution that resulted in the establishment of a republic

puritans

• protestants in England inspired by Calvinist ideas

• Catholics who supported the Pope's authority

• Anglicans who favored the monarchy's control over the church

• Quakers who believed in inner light and pacifism

Why were the Restoration and Glorious Revolution important?

• Charles II restored the monarchy and became King, leading to a constitutional monarchy.

• The Restoration led to the establishment of a dictatorship in England.

• The Glorious Revolution resulted in the abolition of the monarchy altogether.

• Charles II banned all religious practices except for the Church of England.

James II

• Charles II's little brother

• Devout Protestant

• Placed Protestants in very high positions in the government

• King of France

natural rights

• rights people are born with

• privileges granted by the government

• benefits earned through hard work

• socially constructed entitlements

Describe TWO outcomes or results of the English Civil War

• Parliament abolished the monarchy and the House of Lords, declaring England a commonwealth republic

• Cromwell established a constitutional monarchy

• The English Civil War resulted in the unification of England and Scotland

• Cromwell set up a military dictatorship

Charles I

• believed in the Divine Right of Kings

• was a proponent of parliamentary democracy

• supported the abolition of the monarchy

• advocated for religious tolerance

James I

• The conflict began during his reign

• He was the first monarch of the United Kingdom

• He was known for the English Civil War

• He was a prominent figure in the Renaissance

constitutional monarchy

• a system of government where the monarch has absolute power

• a system of government based on a freely elected parliament and the rule of law

• a government led by a dictator

• a system where the parliament has no power

Petition of Right

• placed limits on the king's ability to limit taxes, imprison citizens without cause, quarter troops, and martial law

• granted the king absolute power over the parliament

• allowed citizens to vote on tax increases

• established a system of checks and balances among the branches of government