CUA #1 Corrections

By sending signals that stimulate the release of hormones, the human brain controls the cycle of digestion, including the processes of nutrient absorption. The brain initiates the release of these hormones at certain times of the day, based on the body's 24-hour circadian clock. These hormones then stimulate nutrient absorption.

• A. Endocrine and nervous

• B. Respiratory and nervous

• C. Muscular and excretory

• D. Integumentary and excretory

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By sending signals that stimulate the release of hormones, the human brain controls the cycle of digestion, including the processes of nutrient absorption. The brain initiates the release of these hormones at certain times of the day, based on the body's 24-hour circadian clock. These hormones then stimulate nutrient absorption.

• Signals are sent to glands that release chemicals into the blood, leading to the increased absorption of nutrients.

• Signals are sent to reduce the intake of oxygen so that nutrients can be more readily absorbed.

• Signals increase muscle contractions, reducing water in the body to improve the absorption of nutrients.

• Signals open pores in the skin so that excess water can be released, making room for the increased absorption of nutrients.

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The diagram shows changes in blood pressure over time. Vasodilation and vasoconstriction occur because blood –

• A. flows through veins and arteries

• B. is a necessary component for life

• C. flows through the heart at various rates

• D. pressure is controlled by a feedback mechanism

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How do other body systems interact with the endocrine system to regulate body processes?

• The nervous system helps control the release of hormones throughout the body.

• The immune system helps prevent infection from hormones within the body.

• The digestive system helps convert hormones into proteins that are absorbed within the body.

• The circulatory system helps transport hormones throughout the body.

• The integumentary system helps provide oxygen to initiate hormone production throughout the body.

When the skin comes into contact with an irritant, receptors in the skin send signals to the spinal cord. The signal is then sent to the brain for processing, and the individual begins to scratch the affected area.

• A. Circulatory and excretory

• B. Integumentary and nervous

• C. Digestive and muscular

• D. Respiratory and lymphatic

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Which statement best describes an interaction between the muscular system and the respiratory system?

• The hormone adrenaline causes blood vessels to contract and send more blood to major muscles.

• Metabolic wastes generated by muscle cells are eliminated in urine.

• The diaphragm contracts causing the chest cavity to expand, which draws air into the lungs.

• Nutrients absorbed in the small intestine are transported in blood to the brain.

Biting flies can transmit disease and cause loss of blood for animals in nature. Horses have developed behaviors to repel biting flies such as ear twitching, head tossing, leg stomping, and tail swishing.

• The nervous system senses the biting flies and sends a signal to the muscular system to move.

• The circulatory system senses the biting flies and sends a signal to the muscular system to move.

• The muscular system senses the biting flies and sends a signal to the integumentary system to move.

• The integumentary system senses the biting flies and sends a signal to the circulatory system to move.

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In the late 19th century, Charles Darwin and his son performed a series of experiments on young grass seedlings to observe the plants’ response to sunlight. They grouped the seedlings as shown in the list: They removed the tips of one group of seedlings. They placed opaque caps over the tips of a second group of seedlings. The results of the experiment are shown in the diagram. Based on the diagram, which statement BEST supports the results of the experiment?

• A. The direction of light is detected by cells on the shoot tips, and plants respond by producing chlorophyll.

• B. The direction of light is detected by cells on the roots, and plants respond by bending toward the light.

• C. The direction of light is detected by cells on the shoot tips, and plants respond by bending toward the light.

• D. The direction of light is detected by cells within the roots, and plants respond by bending in the direction of gravity.

Which plant response would best aid a plant in maximizing and retaining water acquired during a drought?

• Decreasing root growth, while increasing stem and leaf growth

• Increasing root, stem, and leaf growth

• Decreasing stem and leaf growth, while increasing root growth

• Increasing leaf and root growth, while decreasing stem growth

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A flower that has both male and female reproductive structures is shown. Which statement best describes an interaction that will allow a flowering plant to reproduce by self-pollination?

• An anther is transferred from a filament to another filament within the same flower.

• An ovule is transferred from the ovary to a petal on a different flower.

• A pollen grain is transferred from an anther to the stigma of the same flower.

• An ovary is transferred from a flower on one plant to a flower on a different plant.