Who was Bartolome de Las Casas?

A Spanish colonist and historian who advocated for the rights of Indigenous peoples

A Portuguese explorer who discovered Brazil

An Italian artist who painted the Mona Lisa

A French philosopher known for his work on existentialism

What was the European Renaissance?

A period of renewed interest in art, science, and learning in Europe

A time when Europe was ruled by the Mongols

A period of widespread famine and disease in Europe

A time when Europe was isolated from the rest of the world

What were the Muslim World, the Crusades, and the Spice Trade important for?

They were important for cultural exchange and trade between Europe and Asia

They were important for the spread of the Black Death in Europe

They were important for the decline of agriculture in Asia

They were important for the isolation of European societies

What was the encomienda system?

A Spanish labor system that rewarded conquerors with the labor of particular groups of subject people

A system of trade between Spain and its colonies involving only gold and silver

A religious order established to convert indigenous people to Christianity

A type of agricultural technique used by the Spanish in the Americas

What was the Columbian Exchange?

The transfer of plants, animals, culture, human populations, technology, and ideas between the Americas and the Old World

A trade agreement between European countries and Asia

The migration of Native Americans to Europe

A war between Spain and Portugal over territory in the Americas

What was the Reconquista?

The period of history in the Iberian Peninsula of about 780 years between the Islamic conquest of Hispania in 711 and the fall of Granada to the expanding Christian kingdoms in 1492

A series of trade agreements between Spain and Portugal in the 16th century

The unification of Spain and Portugal under one monarchy in the 18th century

A religious movement to spread Christianity to the Americas

Small, fast Spanish or Portuguese sailing ships of the 15th–17th centuries

Large warships used by the Vikings

Horse-drawn wagons used in medieval Europe

Who was Prince Henry the Navigator and what is he known for?

A Portuguese prince known for his patronage of voyages of discovery along the west coast of Africa and for advances in navigation, knots, and the astrolabe

A Spanish king who conquered the Aztec Empire and established trade with Asia

An Italian explorer who discovered the sea route to India around the Cape of Good Hope

A French nobleman famous for inventing the printing press

A ceremonial feast among certain Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest

A traditional Japanese tea ceremony

A style of Native American pottery

Who was René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle, and what river did he explore?

He explored the Mississippi River

Who was Samuel de Champlain and what areas did he explore?

He explored the St. Lawrence River Valley and Quebec (French Colony)

He explored the Mississippi River and founded New Orleans

He explored the Hudson River and claimed land for the Dutch

He explored the Pacific Coast and established missions in California

Who was Ferdinand Magellan?

A Portuguese explorer who led the first expedition to circumnavigate the globe

An Italian artist who painted the Mona Lisa

A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire

A French emperor who was defeated at Waterloo

Who was Sir Francis Drake?

An English sea captain, privateer, and explorer who circumnavigated the globe

A famous Italian artist and inventor from the Renaissance period

A French emperor who was defeated at Waterloo

A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztec Empire

Who was Vasco Da Gama?

A Portuguese explorer who was the first European to reach India by sea

An Italian artist who painted the Mona Lisa

A Spanish conquistador who conquered the Aztecs

A French emperor who ruled during the Napoleonic Wars

Who was Juan Ponce De Leon?

A Spanish explorer who discovered Florida

An Italian artist who painted the Mona Lisa

A French emperor who ruled in the 19th century

A Portuguese navigator who circumnavigated the globe

An English playwright who wrote Hamlet

Who was Henry Hudson and what did he explore?

He explored the Hudson River Valley and New Netherlands (Dutch Colony)

He explored the Mississippi River and founded New Orleans

He explored the Pacific Coast and claimed California for Spain

He explored the St. Lawrence River and established Quebec

Who was John Smith and what colony did he help establish?

He helped establish the Jamestown Colony (British Colony)

He helped establish the Plymouth Colony (British Colony)

He helped establish the Massachusetts Bay Colony (British Colony)

He helped establish the New Amsterdam Colony (Dutch Colony)

What was the "Starving Time"?

A period of starvation during the winter of 1609–1610 in Jamestown, Virginia

A festival celebrated by early settlers in Jamestown

A time when Jamestown experienced a gold rush

A period of peace between settlers and Native Americans

Who was Popé and what was the Pueblo Revolt?

Popé was a Pueblo religious leader who led the Pueblo Revolt against Spanish colonizers in 1680

Popé was a Spanish governor who suppressed the Pueblo Revolt in 1680

Popé was an Apache chief who allied with the Spanish during the Pueblo Revolt

Popé was a Catholic priest who converted the Pueblo people to Christianity

What was the Lost Colony of Roanoke?

An early English settlement whose inhabitants mysteriously disappeared

A Spanish fort built to defend against pirates

A French trading post in Canada

A Native American village destroyed by disease

What was the Spanish Empire's Golden Age and what city in Florida is associated with it?

The 16th Century; St. Augustine

What was the Spanish Armada?

A fleet sent by Spain against England in 1588

A treaty signed between Spain and Portugal

A Spanish colony in South America

Who were the Pilgrims and what colony did they establish?

The Pilgrims (Separatists) established the Plymouth Colony

The Pilgrims (Separatists) established the Jamestown Colony

The Pilgrims (Puritans) established the Massachusetts Bay Colony

The Pilgrims (Quakers) established the Rhode Island Colony

What was the Mayflower Compact?

An agreement for self-government signed by the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower

A treaty between the Pilgrims and Native Americans

A map of the New World created by explorers

A law passed by the British Parliament

Who was John Rolfe and what crop is he associated with?

John Rolfe is associated with tobacco

John Rolfe is associated with cotton

John Rolfe is associated with rice

John Rolfe is associated with wheat

Who was Pocahontas and what was her English name?

Pocahontas's English name was Rebecca Rolfe

Pocahontas's English name was Elizabeth Smith

Pocahontas's English name was Mary Johnson

Pocahontas's English name was Anne Carter

Who were the "Tobacco wives"?

Women who worked in the tobacco industry or were associated with tobacco planters

Women who campaigned against tobacco use in the 1960s

A group of women who owned tobacco farms in Europe

Women who promoted healthy lifestyles in the 20th century

Explain the significance of the Headright Policy.

The Headright Policy was a land grant program designed to attract settlers to the American colonies by giving them land for each person they brought over.

The Headright Policy was a tax imposed on imported goods to raise revenue for the colonies.

The Headright Policy was a trade agreement between the colonies and Native Americans.

The Headright Policy was a military alliance formed to protect settlers from foreign invasions.

What were joint-stock companies and how were they related to the Virginia Company?

Joint-stock companies were businesses owned by shareholders that funded colonial ventures, such as the Virginia Company, which established settlements in North America.

Joint-stock companies were government agencies that regulated trade between England and its colonies, including the Virginia Company.

Joint-stock companies were religious organizations that sent missionaries to the New World, like the Virginia Company.

Joint-stock companies were military groups formed to protect settlers, such as the Virginia Company.

What was the House of Burgesses?

The House of Burgesses was the first legislative assembly of elected representatives in North America, established in the Virginia Colony.

The House of Burgesses was a royal palace built for the British monarchy in the Virginia Colony.

The House of Burgesses was a trading company that managed tobacco exports from Virginia.

The House of Burgesses was a religious order established to convert Native Americans.

Describe African Slavery (1619) and the Curse of Ham.

African Slavery (1619) refers to the arrival of the first enslaved Africans in Virginia; the Curse of Ham was a biblical justification used by some to defend slavery.

African Slavery (1619) refers to the abolition of slavery in Virginia; the Curse of Ham was a law passed to end slavery.

African Slavery (1619) refers to the migration of free Africans to America; the Curse of Ham was a celebration of African culture.

African Slavery (1619) refers to the establishment of African kingdoms in America; the Curse of Ham was a treaty between African and European leaders.

Who was Olaudah Equiano, and what were the Middle Passage and the Triangular Trade?

Olaudah Equiano was a former enslaved African who wrote about his experiences; the Middle Passage was the sea journey of enslaved Africans to the Americas, and the Triangular Trade was the transatlantic trading system involving slaves, raw materials, and goods.

Olaudah Equiano was a European explorer; the Middle Passage was a trade route for spices, and the Triangular Trade was a system for exchanging gold and silk.

Olaudah Equiano was a famous abolitionist from Asia; the Middle Passage was a migration of settlers to Africa, and the Triangular Trade was a network for trading tea and porcelain.

Olaudah Equiano was a leader of the American Revolution; the Middle Passage was a journey of pilgrims to America, and the Triangular Trade was a route for trading fur and tobacco.

Who was John Winthrop, and what was the Massachusetts Bay Company and the Massachusetts Bay Colony?

John Winthrop was a Puritan leader and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which was established by the Massachusetts Bay Company as a major settlement in New England.

John Winthrop was a famous explorer who discovered the Mississippi River, and the Massachusetts Bay Company was a trading company in the southern colonies.

John Winthrop was a British king, and the Massachusetts Bay Colony was a penal colony for prisoners from England.

John Winthrop was a Native American chief, and the Massachusetts Bay Company was a French fur trading company.

Who was John Calvin and what is Calvinism?

John Calvin was a Protestant reformer whose teachings formed Calvinism, a branch of Protestant Christianity emphasizing predestination and the sovereignty of God.

John Calvin was a medieval king who established the Anglican Church in England.

John Calvin was a Catholic monk who opposed the Protestant Reformation and supported papal authority.

John Calvin was a Renaissance artist known for his religious paintings.

Who was Roger Williams and what is his connection to Rhode Island?

Roger Williams was a religious dissenter who founded Rhode Island as a colony based on religious freedom and separation of church and state.

Roger Williams was a British general who led the colony of Rhode Island during the American Revolution.

Roger Williams was a wealthy merchant who established Rhode Island as a major trading port.

Roger Williams was a Native American leader who negotiated land treaties with Rhode Island settlers.

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