STC BIOL 2401 (Lecture) Ch. 3

The basic functional unit of living organisms is the

• Element

• Cell

• Organism

• Organ

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Phospholipids orient themselves in aqueous solutions such that

• the polar heads are pointed toward the center of the membrane

• the nonpolar tails orient toward the cell interior next to the cytoplasm

• the polar heads and nonpolar tails alternate facing inward

• heads face interior & exterior of cell and tails form center of membrane

All of these are part of the plasma membrane except:

• Phospholipids

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Cholesterol

A red blood cell placed into a container of distilled water (0% dissolved substances) will ____ water via ___

• Lose; osmosis

• Gain; osmosis

• Gain; diffusion

• Lose; diffusion

Which of the following is not an example of simple diffusion?

• Oxygen moving into the blood

• Carbon dioxide leaving the blood

• Glucose entering a cell with help

• Fat moving through a cell membrane

Active transport:

• moves materials into the cell only

• requires the use of ATP

• depends on the kinetic energy of the molecules being transported

• is used for small, lipid soluble molecules

You would expect that cells that expend a great deal of energy would have increased quantities of:

• Ribosomes

• smooth endoplasmic reticulum

• Peroxisomes

• mitochondria

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Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis

• breakdown of stored glycogen to form free glucose

• steroid-based hormone synthesis

• protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes

Which organelle contains enzymes that detoxifies harmful substances?

• Vesicles

• Vacuoles

• Peroxisomes

• Inclusions

Cells that store large quantities of chemicals to be released do so in structures called

• Snares

• Docking sacs

• Fusion sacs

• Vesicles