Unit 2 Study Guide

In feudal societies during the Middle Ages in Europe, which group of people did the farming?

• lords

• knights

• kings

• serfs

What European movement in the 1400s revived interest in classical Greek and Roman culture?

• Renaissance

• Reformation

• Crusades

• Christianity

Who led a movement in the 1500s that resulted in Protestants splitting from the Catholic Church?

• Johann Gutenberg

• Martin Luther

• Leonardo da Vinci

• Michelangelo

Why did Europeans search for sea routes around Africa to Asia in the 1400s?

• to spread Islam

• to spread Judaism

• to expand trade

• to market salt

How did feudalism affect the medieval European economy?

• Church officials and noblemen set prices for goods.

• Knights protected economic exchanges with other kingdoms.

• Serfs exchanged their crops for land and protection.

• Serfs protected the land and gave their loyalty to the king.

Which of the following was a result of the Crusades?

• increase in religious tolerance between different cultures

• increase in trade between Europe and the Mediterranean region

• decrease in cultural exchange between Europe and the rest of the world

• decrease in unrest between serfs and the landowners

Why was humanism important during the Renaissance?

• It gave the Catholic Church more power.

• It encouraged free thought and new ideas.

• It confirmed the power of the manor system.

• It led to medical advances and disease prevention.

Which theological idea did Martin Luther believe?

• The pope was not as important as biblical scripture.

• The Catholic Church could grow if it had more denominations.

• The world would change because of the printing press.

• The ideas behind humanism could help spread biblical ideas.

Why did Europeans decide to explore new trade routes to Asia?

• Humanists wanted to exchange ideas with other cultures.

• Feudalism and the manor system made economic gains difficult.

• Vasco da Gama sailed to India, and others wanted to follow him.

• They did not want to pay the high prices charged by Turks for Asian goods.

Which group was at the bottom of medieval hierarchy?

• serfs

• knights

• vassals

• church officials