Quiz about ES CHAPTER 2: - MATTER, FORCES, AND ENERGY

Question 1

Scientists use unseen matter in the universe called __________ to explain its structure.

Accepted Answer

dark matter

Answer

white noise

Answer

solar wind

Answer

neutron stars

Question 2

Matter occupies __________ and has __________.

Accepted Answer

space, mass

Answer

air, color

Answer

light, energy

Answer

sound, taste

Question 3

List the four states of matter.

Accepted Answer

solid, liquid, gas, plasma

Answer

solid, water, air, fire

Answer

earth, water, air, fire

Answer

solid, liquid, vapor, mist

Question 4

Deposition is the change of state from a(n) __________ directly to a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

gas, solid

Answer

solid, gas

Answer

liquid, solid

Answer

liquid, gas

Question 5

Identify the following description as a contact force or field force.

crushing a soft drink can

Accepted Answer

Contact force

Answer

Field force

Question 6

Identify the following descriptions as a contact force (C) or field force (F).

wind erosion of soil

Accepted Answer

(C) Contact force

Answer

(F) Field force

Question 7

Identify the following description as a contact force or field force.

the pull of Jupiter on its moons

Accepted Answer

(F) Field force

Answer

(C) Contact force

Question 8

the force that causes a compass needle to point north

Accepted Answer

F) Field force

Answer

C) Contact force

Question 9

shear forces that slide layers of rock past each other

Accepted Answer

Contact force

Answer

Field force

Question 10

All forces act in pairs.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 11

Friction opposes motion.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 12

energy that includes x-rays, gamma rays, and microwaves that are invisible to us

Accepted Answer

light energy

Answer

sound energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Question 13

matter transformed into energy when atoms split or fuse

Accepted Answer

nuclear energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

sound energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Question 14

random motion of particles in matter

Accepted Answer

thermal energy

Answer

chemical energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

sound energy

Question 15

regular motion of particles in matter in a back-and-forth pattern in one direction

Accepted Answer

sound energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

chemical energy

Question 16

energy stored in the bonds between atoms

Accepted Answer

chemical energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

sound energy

Question 17

energy that changes the motion of charged particles in space

Accepted Answer

magnetic energy

Answer

chemical energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

electrical energy

Answer

sound energy

Question 18

energy of charged particles

Accepted Answer

electrical energy

Answer

sound energy

Answer

thermal energy

Answer

chemical energy

Answer

magnetic energy

Question 19

Define energy.

Accepted Answer

Energy is the ability to do work.

Answer

Energy is a type of matter.

Answer

Energy is always visible to the naked eye.

Answer

Energy cannot be transferred or transformed.

Question 20

As a car slows to a stop, its kinetic energy disappears.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Question 21

Where are protons found?

Accepted Answer

Protons are found in the nucleus (A).

Answer

Protons are found in the electron cloud (B).

Answer

Protons are found in the cell membrane (C).

Answer

Protons are found in the cytoplasm (D).

Question 22

Where are electrons found?

Accepted Answer

Electrons are found in the electron cloud (B).

Answer

Electrons are found in the nucleus (A).

Answer

Electrons are found in the proton shell (C).

Answer

Electrons are found in the neutron zone (D).

Question 23

Where are neutrons found?

Accepted Answer

Neutrons are found in the nucleus (A).

Answer

Neutrons are found in the electron cloud (B).

Answer

Neutrons are found in the cell membrane (C).

Answer

Neutrons are found in the cytoplasm (D).

Question 24

Where are particles gained or lost to form ions?

Accepted Answer

Particles are gained or lost in the electron cloud (B) to form ions.

Answer

Particles are gained or lost in the nucleus to form ions.

Answer

Particles are gained or lost in the proton shell to form ions.

Answer

Particles are gained or lost in the neutron field to form ions.

Question 25

Where does fusion or fission take place?

Accepted Answer

Fusion or fission takes place in the nucleus (A).

Answer

Fusion or fission takes place in the cytoplasm (B).

Answer

Fusion or fission takes place in the cell membrane (C).

Answer

Fusion or fission takes place in the mitochondria (D).

Question 26

6. An element is made up of only one kind of ____________.

Accepted Answer

atom

Answer

molecule

Answer

compound

Answer

mixture

Question 27

7. A compound is always made up of the same ____________ in the same proportions.

Accepted Answer

elements

Answer

atoms

Answer

molecules

Answer

mixtures

Question 28

The experiments performed by the Large Hadron Collider are an attempt to

Accepted Answer

do all of the above.

Answer

understand the tiniest particles of matter.

Answer

confirm secular views of the origin of the universe.

Answer

explain the structure of the universe.

Question 29

Matter is defined as anything that

Accepted Answer

occupies space and has mass.

Answer

can be seen and has density.

Answer

is organic and uniform.

Answer

responds to gravity and has color.

Question 30

Sweetened tea would be an example of a __________.

Accepted Answer

mixture

Answer

pure substance

Answer

condensate

Answer

plasma

Question 31

Which of the following is a pure substance?

Accepted Answer

aluminum

Answer

air

Answer

granite

Answer

whipped cream

Question 32

If a substance has a constant volume but changes shape, it is a __________.

Accepted Answer

liquid

Answer

plasma

Answer

gas

Answer

solid

Question 33

In which state of matter do particles possess the most energy?

Accepted Answer

plasma

Answer

gas

Answer

solid

Answer

liquid

Question 34

If you want to find the weight of an object, you should use a __________.

Accepted Answer

spring scale

Answer

balance

Answer

compass

Answer

graduated cylinder

Question 35

Liters, cubic centimeters, quarts, and milliliters are all measures of __________.

Accepted Answer

volume

Answer

weight

Answer

density

Answer

mass

Question 36

The force exerted by a stalactite on the roof of the cave where it hangs is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

tension

Answer

friction

Answer

shear

Answer

compression

Question 37

Geologists think that coal formed from deep layers of plant material that experienced great pressure over time to become rocklike. The forces involved are an example of __________ forces.

Accepted Answer

compression

Answer

shear

Answer

tension

Answer

friction

Question 38

Which force is responsible for the grinding and wearing away of rock as a glacier moves over it?

Accepted Answer

friction

Answer

compression

Answer

shear

Answer

tension

Question 39

Which force(s) produce(s) an avalanche?

Accepted Answer

gravity

Answer

friction

Answer

neither A nor B

Answer

both A and B

Question 40

Which of the following is a field force?

Accepted Answer

magnetism

Answer

compression

Answer

friction

Answer

shear

Question 41

Which field force is probably the most important to a geologist?

Accepted Answer

gravity

Answer

magnetism

Answer

electrical force

Answer

tension

Question 42

What is the ability to do work?

Accepted Answer

energy

Answer

friction

Answer

mechanics

Answer

shear force

Question 43

For an object to have kinetic energy, it must be _________.

Accepted Answer

moving

Answer

electrically charged

Answer

a solid

Answer

experiencing a field force

Question 44

The flow of thermal energy from a warmer to a cooler place is called __________.

Accepted Answer

heat

Answer

radiation

Answer

work

Answer

none of these

Question 45

Sounds that are caused by waves too slow for the human ear to detect are __________.

Accepted Answer

infrasonic

Answer

ultrasonic

Answer

audible

Answer

potential

Question 46

Which of the following is a type of light energy?

Accepted Answer

infrared

Answer

ultrasonic

Answer

thermodynamic

Answer

thermal

Question 47

Which particle is in the nucleus of every atom?

Accepted Answer

proton

Answer

electron

Answer

neutron

Answer

ion

Question 48

Water is __________.

Accepted Answer

all of these

Answer

a compound

Answer

a pure substance

Answer

a molecule

Question 49

A compound with the formula CH2O

Accepted Answer

has four atoms in the molecule.

Answer

has two carbons, one oxygen and one hydrogen.

Answer

is also an element.

Answer

is an ion.

Question 50

When identical particles join together in a repeating, three-dimensional pattern, they may form a(n) _________.

Accepted Answer

crystal

Answer

compound

Answer

ion

Answer

atom

Question 51

Which of the following is a chemical change?

Accepted Answer

A spruce tree burns after getting struck by lightning.

Answer

An icicle forms along a cliff edge.

Answer

Salts from soil dissolve into a stream.

Answer

Seashells are ground to powder by waves.

Question 52

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. The only thing in the universe that is real is matter.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Cannot be determined

Answer

Sometimes true

Question 53

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. The sun and the stars are made mostly of molecular gases.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Cannot be determined

Answer

Partially true

Question 54

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. Evaporation is a type of vaporization.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Answer

Maybe

Answer

Not sure

Question 55

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. One of the metric units for volume is the cubic liter.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Maybe

Answer

Not sure

Question 56

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. All forces act in pairs.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Answer

Sometimes true

Answer

Only for gravity

Question 57

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. Most light energy is invisible to us.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Answer

Maybe

Answer

Only in darkness

Question 58

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. Potential energy can be converted to kinetic energy.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Answer

Sometimes

Answer

Never

Question 59

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. The term atom comes from the Greek word for "very small."

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Maybe

Answer

Not Given

Question 60

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank.
Ions can be formed by a neutral atom gaining a proton.

Accepted Answer

False

Answer

True

Answer

Sometimes True

Answer

Cannot be determined

Question 61

Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false. Write True or False in the blank. All compounds are molecules.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Answer

Not enough information

Answer

Only in some cases

Question 62

Match the letter of the answer with the appropriate clue by writing the letter in the blank. Answers will be used only once or not at all. The surface of a pond becomes solid enough to hold skaters in the winter.

Accepted Answer

freezing

Answer

melting

Answer

deposition

Answer

condensation

Answer

vaporization

Question 63

Match the letter of the answer with the appropriate clue by writing the letter in the blank. Answers will be used only once or not at all. Gasoline disappears from an open can left in the sun.

Accepted Answer

vaporization

Answer

condensation

Answer

freezing

Answer

deposition

Answer

melting

Question 64

Match the letter of the answer with the appropriate clue by writing the letter in the blank. Answers will be used only once or not at all. Ice cubes shrink while in the freezer.

Accepted Answer

sublimation

Answer

melting

Answer

vaporization

Answer

freezing

Answer

condensation

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