What is the main function of the left side of the heart?

To receive oxygenated blood from pulmonary veins and pump it to the rest of the body

To receive deoxygenated blood from the body

Explain why the left side of the heart is called the systemic pump and describe its role in circulation.

It receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and pumps it to the rest of the body, creating the systemic circuit.

It pumps blood to the lungs for oxygenation.

It filters blood before sending it to the kidneys.

It only circulates blood within the heart chambers.

Where does gas exchange occur in the lungs?

Between alveoli and pulmonary capillaries

Explain the process of gas exchange in the pulmonary circuit and why it is important for the body.

Gas exchange allows oxygen to enter the blood and carbon dioxide to be removed, which is essential for cellular respiration and maintaining blood pH.

Gas exchange only removes waste from the digestive system.

Gas exchange increases the temperature of the blood.

Gas exchange is responsible for producing hormones in the lungs.

What happens to carbon dioxide in the pulmonary capillaries?

It diffuses from blood in the pulmonary capillaries to air in the alveoli to be expired.

It diffuses from air in the alveoli into the blood.

It is converted into oxygen in the alveoli.

Explain why the veins of the pulmonary circuit are unique compared to veins in the systemic circuit.

They deliver oxygen-rich blood to the left side of the heart.

They carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.

They transport nutrients instead of gases.

They only function during exercise.

What is the main function of the pulmonary circuit?

To deliver oxygen to tissues and remove carbon dioxide

To filter waste from the kidneys

Explain how the pulmonary circuit supports cellular respiration in body tissues.

By delivering oxygen for energy production and removing carbon dioxide waste

By filtering toxins from the blood

By storing excess nutrients in the liver

Why is the systemic circuit considered a high-pressure circuit?

Because it pumps blood to the rest of the entire body

Because it only pumps blood to the lungs

Because it pumps blood to the heart only

Because it pumps blood to the brain only

What are the major factors that influence blood pressure and blood flow to organs?

The rate and force of the heart's contractions

The amount of oxygen in the blood

Which hormone is produced by the atria of the heart and acts as an endocrine organ?

Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

How does atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) lower blood pressure?

By decreasing sodium ion retention in the kidneys

By increasing water absorption in the intestines

What is the main function of the fibrous pericardium?

Anchors the heart to the diaphragm and great vessels

Why is low distensibility important for the heart?

It prevents overstretching and overfilling of the chambers with blood

It allows the heart to stretch and fill with more blood

It increases the heart's pumping efficiency

It helps the heart contract more forcefully

What is the pericardium?

The membrane surrounding the heart

What is another name for the visceral pericardium, and what is its significance?

Epicardium; it is the most superficial layer of the heart wall

Myocardium; it is the thickest layer of the heart wall

Endocardium; it lines the heart chambers

Pericardial sac; it surrounds the lungs

What is the primary function of pericardial fluid?

Provides lubrication and decreases friction as the heart moves

Supplies oxygen to the heart muscle

Transports nutrients to the heart wall

Initiates electrical impulses in the heart

How does the structure of the pericardium contribute to the function of the heart?

The pericardium encases the heart, and its fluid reduces friction, allowing smooth heart movement during contraction and relaxation.

The pericardium produces hormones that regulate heart rate.

The pericardium absorbs nutrients for the heart muscle.

The pericardium generates electrical impulses for heartbeats.

What are the two main components of the myocardium?

Cardiac muscle cells (myocytes) and fibrous skeleton

Endothelial cells and smooth muscle

Pericardial fluid and connective tissue

Nerve fibers and adipose tissue

What is the primary function of the fibrous skeleton in the heart?

To give cardiac muscle cells something to pull on when contracting

To provide a surface for blood flow

Which of the following is NOT a function of the fibrous skeleton of the heart?

Acts as an insulator for the heart's electrical activity

Gives cardiac muscle cells something to pull on when contracting

Explain why the composition of the endocardium is important for its function in the heart.

It provides a smooth lining that reduces friction and is continuous with blood vessels, aiding efficient blood flow.

It allows the heart to contract.

It stores energy for the heart.

It produces hormones for the heart.

Arrange the following layers of the heart wall from outermost to innermost.

Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium

Endocardium, Myocardium, Epicardium

Myocardium, Endocardium, Epicardium

Epicardium, Endocardium, Myocardium

What is the primary function of the flaps in the heart valves?

To close when ventricles contract, preventing backflow of blood

To open and allow blood to flow backwards

To increase the speed of blood flow

When the ventricles contract, what happens next in the circulatory process?

Blood is ejected into the arteries

Blood flows back into the atria

Blood is filtered by the kidneys

Explain how the structure of heart valves contributes to the efficiency of blood flow through the heart.

The valves have flaps that close when ventricles contract, preventing blood from moving backwards and ensuring one-way flow.

The valves open to allow blood to flow in both directions.

The valves slow down the blood flow to allow for oxygen exchange.

The valves store blood for later use.

How do the right and left atria differ from each other?

The right atrium is larger with a thinner wall, while the left atrium is smaller with a thicker wall.

The right atrium is smaller with a thicker wall, while the left atrium is larger with a thinner wall.

Both atria are the same size and thickness.

The left atrium is larger with a thinner wall, while the right atrium is smaller with a thicker wall.

What is the function of the auricles in the atria?

They expand to give the atria more space to hold blood.

They pump blood out of the heart.

Ch. 17 The Heart

Authored by Jessica Franzen

Biology

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?

Heart

Blood vessels

Lungs

Blood

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the main function of the heart in the cardiovascular system?

To digest food

To pump blood

To filter waste

To produce hormones

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Explain how the cardiovascular system supports the body's cells.

By transporting oxygen and nutrients to cells

By producing energy in the cells

By breaking down food in the stomach

By sending nerve signals to muscles

What is the approximate weight of the human heart?

250-350 grams

500-700 grams

100-150 grams

800-1000 grams

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Which chambers of the heart are located superiorly?

Right and left atria

Right and left ventricles

Only the left ventricle

Only the right ventricle

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the function of the atrioventricular sulcus in the heart?

It separates the right and left ventricles

It is a boundary between the atria and ventricles

It pumps blood to the lungs

It connects the atria to the aorta

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Where is the interventricular sulcus located?

Between the atria and ventricles

Between the right and left atria

Between the right and left ventricles

Between the ventricles and the aorta

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Ch. 17 The Heart

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?

What is the main function of the heart in the cardiovascular system?

Explain how the cardiovascular system supports the body's cells.

What is the approximate weight of the human heart?

Which chambers of the heart are located superiorly?

What is the function of the atrioventricular sulcus in the heart?

Where is the interventricular sulcus located?

Which side of the heart is responsible for pumping blood into vessels leading to the lungs?

What is the main function of the left side of the heart?

The right side of the heart is also known as which of the following?

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