SEAM 6 - Week 6

When a ship floats in still water, longitudinal stresses are mainly caused by:

• • Uneven weight and buoyancy distribution

• • Smooth cargo distribution throughout

• • Equal pressure across all bulkheads

• • Uniform loading across all holds

The vertical forces that tend to slice the ship into parts are known as:

• • Longitudinal bending stresses

• • Shearing forces

• • Compression stresses

• • Transverse stresses

A ship loaded more at the center than at the ends will experience:

• • Sagging

• • Hogging

• • Torsion

• • Rolling

A ship loaded more at the ends than at the center will experience:

• • Sagging

• • Hogging

• • Pitching

• • Heeling

In still water, when weight and buoyancy forces are perfectly balanced, the ship’s structure experiences:

• • No stress

• • Maximum hogging

• • Severe sagging

• • Constant torsion

The maximum shear forces in a ship occur at:

• • Amidships centerline

• • Bulkhead positions

• • Ship’s bow section

• • Ship’s stern section

The maximum bending moment in still water generally occurs at:

• • The bow section

• • The stern section

• • Amidships

• • Near the bulkheads

A ship encounters maximum sagging when:

• • Wave trough is amidships and crests at the ends

• • Wave crest is amidships and troughs at the ends

• • Waves are shorter than the ship’s length

• • There is no buoyancy imbalance

A ship encounters maximum hogging when:

• • Wave trough is amidships and crests at the ends

• • Wave crest is amidships and troughs at the ends

• • The ship has no cargo in center hold

• • The ship floats on even keel

A trochoidal wave is described as having:

• • Round crests and flat troughs

• • Equal crests and equal troughs

• • Sharper crests and flatter troughs

• • Gentle curves along its profile