What is the ultimate goal for believers in Hinduism?

• Achieving nirvana

• Reuniting individual soul with Brahman

• Following the Eightfold Path

• Worshipping a single God

How did Hinduism contribute to a unified culture in India for millennia?

• By promoting monotheism

• By establishing a universalizing religion

• By structuring society according to the caste system

• By rejecting the concept of reincarnation

Which of the following is a key difference between Buddhism and Hinduism?

• Buddhism is polytheistic, while Hinduism is monotheistic.

• Hinduism emphasizes equality for all, while Buddhism supports a caste system.

• Buddhism rejects the caste system, while Hinduism incorporates it.

• Hinduism believes in reincarnation, while Buddhism does not.

What significant event led to Islam becoming the second most important belief system in India around 1200 CE?

• The rise of the Bhakti Movement.

• The establishment of the Delhi Sultanate by Turkic Muslim invaders.

• The decline of the caste system.

• The spread of Buddhism from India to Southeast Asia.

What was a shared characteristic between the Bhakti Movement in Hinduism and Sufism in Islam?

• Emphasis on strict adherence to religious law.

• Rejection of all forms of spiritual experience.

• Focus on mystical experience and accessibility to all people.

• Belief in a rigid social hierarchy.

How did Buddhism change in South Asia during this period?

• It became more inclusive, emphasizing enlightenment for all.

• It gained significant political power and expanded its reach.

• It became more exclusive, primarily accessible to monks in monasteries.

• It merged with Hinduism to form a new religion.

What was a key factor in the establishment of the Vijayanagara Empire in Southern India?

• Muslim rulers from the Delhi Sultanate successfully extended their rule south.

• Hindu emissaries, originally converted to Islam, reverted to Hinduism and established a rival empire.

• The Rajput Kingdoms united to form a powerful new state.

• Buddhist monks from monasteries led a rebellion against Muslim rule.

What is the primary difference between a sea-based state and a land-based state, according to historical analysis?

• Sea-based states are always islands, while land-based states are always continental.

• Sea-based states derive their power from controlling maritime trade routes, while land-based states derive power from controlling land resources.

• Sea-based states are primarily Buddhist, while land-based states are primarily Hindu.

• Sea-based states are more technologically advanced than land-based states.