Research Ethics and Statistical Concepts 0.5 & 0.6

Measures of Variation

• Statistics that describe the amount of difference and spread in a data set.

• Statistics that only focus on the mean of a data set.

• Statistics that measure the central tendency of a data set.

• Statistics that provide a single value for all data points.

Measure of Central Tendency

• A statistical measure to determine a single score that defines the center of a distribution.

• A method to calculate the range of a data set.

• A technique used to find the highest value in a data set.

• A process for determining the frequency of data points.

Statistical Significance

• A measure of whether results are likely due to chance or a specific factor.

• A method for collecting data in experiments.

• A technique for visualizing data trends.

• A way to calculate the average of a dataset.

Median

• The average of all values in a data set.

• The value that appears most frequently in a data set.

• The middle value in a data set when arranged in order.

• The highest value in a data set.

Quantitative Research

• Research involving numerical data and statistical analysis.

• Research based on qualitative data and interviews.

• Research that focuses on case studies and narratives.

• Research that relies on observational methods.

Research Confederates

• Individuals who act as participants but are part of the research team.

• Individuals who conduct the research independently.

• Participants who are unaware of the research purpose.

• Observers who analyze the data collected from participants.

Mean

• The average of a set of numbers.

• The middle value in a data set.

• The sum of all values divided by the number of values.

• The most frequently occurring value in a data set.

Percentile Rank

• The percentage of scores in a distribution that a particular score is above.

• The average score of a distribution.

• The highest score in a distribution.

• The lowest score in a distribution.

Confidentiality

• Keeping participant information private and secure.

• Sharing participant information with authorized personnel only.

• Storing participant information in a public database.

• Using participant information for marketing purposes.

Protect from Harm

• Ensuring participants are not exposed to risks during research.

• Providing financial compensation to participants.

• Offering participants the option to withdraw at any time.

• Conducting research in a controlled environment.