The intervertebral foramina of the lumbar spine are located at an angle of_____in relation to the midsagittal plane.

• 45°

• 30° to 35°

• 70° to 75°

• 90°

The small section of bone found between the superior and inferior articular processes of the lumbar spine is termed:

• pillar.

• transverse processes.

• articular facets.

• pars interarticularis.

The zygapophyseal joints of the upper lumbar vertebrae are____in relationship to the midsagittal plane.

• 30°

• 50°

• 45°

• 90°

The anterior projecting bony process of the sacrum that forms part of the inlet of the true pelvis is the:

• promontory of the sacrum.

• body of S1.

• apex of coccyx.

• sacral foramina.

Another term for the sacral horns is the:

Which specific aspect of the sacrum articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joint?

• Promontory

• Cornu

• Auricular surface

• Inferior articular processes

Which one of the following structures of the sacrum is considered to be the most posterior?

• Median sacral crest

• Promontory

• Superior articular processes

• Spinous processes

What is the term for the superior aspect of the coccyx?

• Base

• Apex

• Superior margin

• Sacrococcygeal junction

The long axis of the sacrum is generally angled more posteriorly in males than females.

• True

• False

What is the joint classification of the zygapophyseal joints?

• Cartilaginous/amphiarthrodial

• Synovial/diarthrodial

• Fibrous/synarthrodial

• Symphyses/amphiarthrodial