Early Kingdoms of Thailand

Which resource combination best explains why Tambralinga became wealthy in the early centuries?

• Large rice farms and canals
• Ceramics and rare mountain and forest products

• Slave trade and war loot
• Handwoven silk for China

Answer explanation

Tambralinga'™s prosperity came mainly from high-quality ceramics and valuable goods like forest products and tin (which is an important metal).

Before Tambralinga became famous as a kingdom, what role did its location mainly serve?

• Merchant ships stopped there to (re)load and trade

• Fortress against invaders
• Land for wet-rice cultivation

• Pilgrimage site for Hindus

Answer explanation

Tambralinga first developed as a port city where ships could stop, store, and exchange goods.

Modern historians believe the Srivijaya kingdom had power centers that:

• Alternated between the centers of Chaiya and Palembang.

• They did not have any cities at all.

• There was no fixed capital, the power centers shifted.

• Were destroyed by earthquakes.

Answer explanation

The Srivijaya kingdom had shifting centers of power, and Chaiya and Palembang were only two of these although being especially important.

The Chola dynasty, which attacked Srivijaya, came originally from which cultural heartland?

• South India
• Sumatra

• South China
• Central Java

Answer explanation

The Chola were a Tamil dynasty from southern India who influenced Southeast Asian kingdoms.

Which faith was most strongly linked with Dvaravati'™s official identity?

• Theravada Buddhism
• Mahayana Buddhism
• Brahman-Hinduism
• Local animist worship

Answer explanation

Theravada Buddhism was the dominant religion of Dvaravati and shaped its culture.

Why are the Mon people remembered as culturally important in early Thai history?

• Spread Theravada Buddhism widely.

• Founded the Khmer Empire.

• They were the first communist settlers in Asia.

• Migrated from Indonesia.

Answer explanation

The Mon were early promoters of Theravada Buddhism in mainland Southeast Asia.

The art and architecture of the Lavo region (Lopburi) were most shaped by which dominant culture?

• Khmer
• Srivijaya
• Dai Viet
• Chola

Answer explanation

Lavo culture shows strong Khmer influence, especially in temples and prangs.

What would a visitor most likely see when standing in front of a "prang" from the Lavo era?

• A temple tower in Khmer style
• A defensive city wall
• A government palace
• A sacred pond filled with holy water

Answer explanation

A prang is a Khmer-style temple tower found in Lopburi culture.

The Yonok Nagaphan foundation legend of Prince Singhanati is connected with which Thai area?

• Northern Thailand and Lopburi
• Tambralinga on the Malay Peninsula
• The Khmer lowlands
• The Isthmus of Kra

Answer explanation

The Yonok Nagaphan legends are tied to northern Thailand and the Lopburi area.

According to tradition, the legendary figure Prince Singhanati came to Yonok Nagaphan from which land?

• Burma
• India
• Khmer territory
• China

Answer explanation

The legend says Prince Singhanati was originally a migrant from India.