Energy Transformations and Heat Transfer Quiz

A student claims that when a toaster is used, electrical energy is transformed into both heat and light energy. Construct an argument using evidence to support or refute this claim.

• The toaster only produces heat energy, so the claim is incorrect.

• The toaster transforms electrical energy into both heat (to toast the bread) and light (the glowing wires), so the claim is correct.

• The toaster only produces light energy, so the claim is incorrect.

• The toaster does not transform energy at all.

You are given a flashlight. Describe the sequence of energy transformations that occur from the moment you turn it on, and explain how you know each transformation occurs.

• Chemical to electrical to light; the battery stores chemical energy, which is converted to electrical energy, then to light.

• Electrical to chemical to light; the battery creates electrical energy, which is stored as chemical energy, then released as light.

• Light to chemical to electrical; the light charges the battery, which then produces electrical energy.

• Heat to electrical to light; the battery heats up, producing electrical energy, then light.

A student argues that when you rub your hands together, mechanical energy is transformed into heat energy. Use reasoning and evidence to support or challenge this claim.

• The claim is incorrect because no energy transformation occurs.

• The claim is correct because the motion (mechanical energy) of rubbing hands is converted into heat energy due to friction.

• The claim is incorrect because only light energy is produced.

• The claim is correct because heat energy is transformed into mechanical energy.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Consider a solar-powered calculator. Construct an argument about the energy transformations that allow it to function, using evidence from your knowledge of energy systems.

• Light energy is transformed into electrical energy, which powers the calculator.

• Electrical energy is transformed into light energy, which powers the calculator.

• Chemical energy is transformed into heat energy, which powers the calculator.

• Heat energy is transformed into mechanical energy, which powers the calculator.

A student claims that when a car engine runs, only chemical energy is transformed into mechanical energy. Use reasoning and evidence to support or refute this claim.

• The claim is correct because only chemical energy is involved.

• The claim is incorrect because chemical energy is transformed into mechanical energy, heat, and sound energy.

• The claim is correct because mechanical energy is the only output.

• The claim is incorrect because only heat energy is produced.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Plan an investigation to determine how the temperature of a metal rod changes when one end is heated. What evidence would you collect to show conduction is occurring?

• Measure the temperature at both ends over time to see if heat moves from the hot end to the cold end.

• Observe if the rod glows in the dark.

• Check if the rod changes color.

• Measure the weight of the rod before and after heating.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

You are asked to investigate how heat transfer affects the motion of molecules in a liquid. Which plan would best allow you to observe convection currents?

• Heat the bottom of a beaker of colored water and observe the movement of the color.

• Place the beaker in a freezer and watch for color changes.

• Stir the water and observe the temperature.

• Measure the mass of the water before and after heating.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A student wants to investigate how heat is transferred through radiation. Which experimental setup would best demonstrate this process?

• Place a thermometer near a heat lamp without touching it and record the temperature change.

• Place a metal rod in boiling water and measure the temperature at both ends.

• Stir hot water and measure the temperature.

• Wrap a hot object in a towel and measure the temperature outside the towel.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS4-2

Design an experiment to compare the rate of heat transfer in metal and plastic spoons placed in hot water. What evidence would you collect to support your conclusion?

• Measure the temperature at the handle of each spoon over time to see which heats up faster.

• Observe the color of the spoons after heating.

• Weigh the spoons before and after heating.

• Listen for sounds from the spoons.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-3

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student claims that heat transfer by convection can be observed in a pot of soup being heated on a stove. Construct an argument using evidence to support this claim.

• The soup circulates as warmer, less dense liquid rises and cooler, denser liquid sinks, showing convection.

• The soup only heats at the bottom, so convection does not occur.

• The soup changes color, which is evidence of convection.

• The soup boils only at the surface, so convection is not involved.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4