BIO H: Cell Respiration Flaschards (F25)

Why is cellular respiration critical to maintaining life?

• It transforms solar/light energy into chemical energy stored in ATP.

• It transforms solar/light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose

• It transforms chemical energy stored in glucose into chemical energy stored in ATP.

• It releases oxygen into the atmosphere.

• It removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

Answer explanation

Cellular respiration is critical because it transforms the chemical energy stored in glucose into ATP, which cells use for energy to perform vital functions, thus sustaining life.

Which statement best describes a relationship between mitochondria and chloroplasts?

• Mitochondria release chemical energy from molecules and store it in chloroplasts.

• Chloroplasts release chemical energy from molecules and store it in mitochondria.

• Mitochondria convert chemical energy into light energy that can be used by chloroplasts.

• Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy that can be used by mitochondria.

Answer explanation

Chloroplasts convert light energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis, which is then used by mitochondria to produce ATP during cellular respiration, highlighting their interdependent roles in energy conversion.

Evaluate the efficiency of fermentation compared to aerobic respiration in terms of ATP production.

• Fermentation makes more ATP than aerobic respiration, so it is more efficient.

• Both processes are equally efficient at producing ATP.

• Aerobic respiration makes more ATP than fermentation, so it is more efficient.

• Neither process produces ATP.

Answer explanation

Aerobic respiration produces up to 36-38 ATP molecules per glucose, while fermentation yields only 2 ATP. Therefore, aerobic respiration is more efficient in ATP production than fermentation.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What product is produced in this set of reactions that is required for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• Glucose

• Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)

• Pyruvate (pyruvic acid)

• Oxygen (O₂)

• ATP

Answer explanation

Pyruvate is produced during glycolysis and is essential for both aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It serves as a key intermediate that can be further processed to generate ATP, making it crucial for energy production.

Discuss the strategic importance of glycolysis in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

• Glycolysis is more important in aerobic respiration, as only aerobic respiration requires pyruvate.

• Glycolysis is equally important in both processes, as it creates pyruvate for both aerobic and anaerobic pathways.

• Glycolysis is more important in anaerobic respiration, as only anaerobic respiration requires pyruvate.

• Glycolysis is not important in either process, as it does not produce enough ATP to power the reactions.

Answer explanation

Glycolysis is crucial in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration as it generates pyruvate, which is utilized in both pathways. This makes it equally important for energy production in both processes.

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DOK Level 3: Strategic Thinking

What cellular process does this image represent?

• Calvin Cycle

• TCA/Krebs Cycle

• Fermentation

• Glycolysis

• Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer explanation

The image represents Glycolysis, the first step in cellular respiration, where glucose is broken down into pyruvate, producing ATP and NADH. This process occurs in the cytoplasm and is crucial for energy production.

Select the statement that best explains why both plants and animal cells need to undergo cellular respiration.

• Plant and animal cells both need chemical energy stored in ATP to carry out cellular processes.

• Plant cells do not need chemical energy stored in ATP for cellular processes, but animal cells do.

• Plant and animal cells both need to convert ATP to chemical energy stored in glucose.

• Plant and animal cells both need light/solar energy stored in ATP to carry out cellular processes.

Answer explanation

The correct choice states that both plant and animal cells require ATP for energy to perform essential cellular processes, highlighting the universal need for chemical energy in all living cells.

Four students classified the main energy conversions that occur during photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Which student best classified the energy conversions that occur in the two processes?

• Student 1

• Student 2

• Student 3

• Student 4

Answer explanation

Student 4 correctly identifies that photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy, while cellular respiration converts chemical energy into usable energy (ATP), accurately reflecting the energy transformations in both processes.

During aerobic cellular respiration, a decrease in the amount of available oxygen will:

• Not have an effect on the amount of ATP produced during cellular respiration.

• Decrease the amount of glucose produced during cellular respiration.

• Increase the amount of water produced during cellular respiration.

• Decrease the amount of ATP produced during cellular respiration.

• Increase the amount of ATP produced during cellular respiration.

Answer explanation

A decrease in available oxygen limits aerobic respiration, reducing the efficiency of ATP production. Without sufficient oxygen, cells rely more on anaerobic processes, which yield less ATP, hence decreasing the overall ATP produced.

The correct order of the stages of aerobic cellular respiration is:

• Glycolysis - the Calvin Cycle - Electron Transport Chain (ETC).

• Glycolysis - Fermentation - Krebs Cycle

• Krebs Cycle - Glycolysis - Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

• Electron Transport Chain (ETC) - Krebs Cycle - Glycolysis

• Glycolysis - Krebs Cycle - Electron Transport Chain (ETC)

Answer explanation

The correct order of aerobic cellular respiration is Glycolysis, followed by the Krebs Cycle, and finally the Electron Transport Chain (ETC). This sequence is essential for efficient energy production in cells.