Exploring Macromolecules and Reactions

Which element is primarily responsible for the diversity of macromolecules in living organisms?

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Hydrogen

What type of reaction joins monomers to form polymers by removing a molecule of water?

• Hydrolysis

• Dehydration reaction

• Combustion

• Neutralization

Which of the following best describes a hydrolysis reaction?

• Two monomers combine to form a polymer and release water.

• A polymer is broken down into monomers by adding water.

• Water is produced as a byproduct of the reaction.

• A molecule gains an electron.

Which of the following is NOT a macromolecule?

• Protein

• Lipid

• Glucose

• Nucleic acid

Which property of carbon allows it to form large and complex molecules?

• It can form only single bonds.

• It has four valence electrons.

• It is highly electronegative.

• It is a noble gas.

Which of the following statements about macromolecules is TRUE?

• All macromolecules are made from the same type of monomer.

• Macromolecules are formed by the polymerization of smaller units.

• Macromolecules cannot be broken down by hydrolysis.

• Macromolecules are always inorganic.

During hydrolysis, which molecule is always required to break the bond between monomers?

• Oxygen

• Water

• Carbon dioxide

• Glucose

Which of the following is a direct result of the versatility of carbon atoms?

• The formation of ionic bonds

• The existence of a wide variety of organic molecules

• The inability to form double bonds

• The lack of isomers

What is the main difference between dehydration and hydrolysis reactions?

• Dehydration adds water, hydrolysis removes water.

• Dehydration removes water to build polymers, hydrolysis adds water to break polymers.

• Both add water to break bonds.

• Both remove water to form bonds.