Unit 1.2. Study Guide

Which idea from BOTH Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome helped shape the foundation of U.S. democracy?

• Divine rule by kings

• Military control of government

• Citizens participating in the government

• Polis (City-States)

What feature of the U.S. government was inspired by Ancient Rome’s government?

• Citizens voting directly on laws

• Rights granted by birth

• Separating and dividing power among different branches

• Monarchs ruling with absolute authority

Which ethical principle from the Judeo-Christian traditions encourages people to help others when they are able to?

• Justice

• Rule of law

• Personal responsibility

• Popular sovereignty

Which principle requires the government to follow fair and established legal procedures in order to protect the natural rights of citizens?

• Rule of Law as everyone, including government officials, must obey the law and be held accountable under it.

• Religious Liberty as people are allowed to practice any religion of their choice or no religion at all.

• Social Contract as the authority of the government comes from the people, who express their beliefs and ideas through voting and participation.

• Due Process of Law as the government must respect and follow a fair legal process, even if someone is arrested.

Which idea from the English Bill of Rights most inspired the U.S. government?

• Rule of Law

• Individual Rights

• Limited Government

• Declaring independence

Which Enlightenment idea influenced the Founders to include protections for life, liberty, and property in the U.S. government?

• The protection of natural rights for all individuals

• The separation of powers into three branches

• The authority of government coming from the people

• The equal application of laws to all citizens

What principle of the U.S. government was developed from the belief that no single branch should have all the power?

• Rule of Law

• Natural Law

• Social Contract

• Separation of Powers

According to Montesquieu’s belief in the separation of powers, which system of government would best protect the rights of the people?

• A. A single dictator who controls all parts of government

• B. A small group of leaders who share power

• C. A government with multiple branches that all have unlimited power

• D. A government with separate branches that share power equally

How are John Locke’s Enlightenment ideas about life, liberty, and property reflected in the foundation of the U.S. government?

• By protecting the natural rights of individuals

• By requiring citizens to obey all government orders

• By dividing government into three branches

• By guaranteeing equal laws for every citizen

Which protection introduced by the English Bill of Rights influenced the development of the U.S. government?

• Rule of law

• Self-government

• Right to a fair jury trial

• Consent of the governed