Ecology 1st Summative 2025

Ecology is best defined as:

• The study of rocks and minerals

• The study of relationships among organisms and their environment

• The study of the atmosphere

• The classification of species

Which is the correct order of ecological organization from smallest to largest?

• Community → Individual → Population → Ecosystem → Biosphere

• Individual → Population → Community → Ecosystem → Landscape → Biosphere

• Population → Individual → Ecosystem → Community → Biosphere

• Organism → Ecosystem → Population → Landscape → Biosphere

Which two factors primarily determine the type of biome in an area?

• Soil and wind

• Temperature and precipitation

• Latitude and longitude

• Rocks and minerals

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which soil horizon is rich in organic matter and decomposed material?

• A Horizon

• B Horizon

• C Horizon

• O Horizon

The Coriolis Effect causes winds to:

• Move directly north and south

• Curve right in the Northern Hemisphere and left in the Southern Hemisphere

• Stop at the equator

• Flow evenly across all latitudes

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Why are deserts commonly found at 30° North and South?

• Cold polar air settles there

• Descending dry air masses create arid conditions

• Ocean currents bring heavy rainfall

• High mountains block rainfall

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6

Which biome has the highest biodiversity but nutrient-poor soil?

• Temperate forest

• Tropical rainforest

• Desert

• Boreal forest

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-5

Which U.S. environmental law regulates air emissions and sets national standards for air quality?

• Clean Water Act

• Clean Air Act

• Endangered Species Act

• National Environmental Policy Act

Which act is focused on air quality?

• Clean Water Act

• Endangered Species Act

• Clean Air Act

• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act

What characterizes the tundra?

• High decomposition rates and fertile soil

• Cold, treeless land with permafrost

• Tall evergreen trees and high animal density

• Rich soil prone to erosion