Unit 1: Foundations of Government

Which theory suggests governments originated when one person or group used force to establish control?

• Evolutionary Theory
• Force Theory
• Social Contract Theory
• Divine Right Theory

The Evolutionary Theory of government is based on the idea that:

• God chose rulers
• Families developed into clans and tribes
• People agreed to give up freedoms
• Military leaders seized power

The Divine Right Theory claims rulers:

• Were chosen by the people
• Were descendants of tribal elders
• Received authority from God
• Were elected by legislatures

The Social Contract Theory was most strongly supported by:

• Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
• Montesquieu and Rousseau
• King James I and Charles I
• Hamilton and Jefferson

A democracy is defined as government in which:

• Power is held by one ruler
• Power is shared by wealthy elites
• People rule directly or through representatives
• Military leaders make decisions

Which type of government has one ruler with total power?

• Democracy
• Autocracy
• Oligarchy
• Confederacy

An oligarchy is best described as:

• Rule by the people
• Rule by one person
• Rule by a small, elite group
• Rule by the church

Which of the following is NOT a purpose of government?

• Maintaining order
• Ensuring security
• Protecting rights
• Guaranteeing wealth

Why is citizen participation important in a democracy?

• It ensures absolute rulers stay in power
• It prevents elections from occurring
• It makes laws legitimate and representative
• It reduces the need for government

True or False: The United States is a direct democracy. (Choose the BEST explanation.)

• True – all citizens vote directly on every issue
• False – the U.S. is a representative democracy
• True – citizens control all government agencies
• False – the U.S. is an oligarchy