Chapter 1 Quiz_Earth, Moon and Sun

Brandy is a space scientist who drew this diagram of the Moon and Earth as seen from above (top view), with sunlight coming from the left as shown by the arrows. Why does Leticia's diagram show that the left side of the Moon is more illuminated?

• Because Brandy's diagram shows that the half of the Moon facing the Sun is lit by sunlight, while the other half is dark.

• Because the Moon has some light-colored rocks and some dark-colored rocks, and Brandy's diagram shows that the half of the Moon with the light-colored rocks has rotated to the left.

• Because as the Moon gets closer to the Sun, a larger part of it becomes illuminated, so Brandy's diagram shows sunlight on half of the Moon.

• Because there is Earth's shadow falling on half of the Moon, and Brandy's diagram shows this shadow on the right half of the Moon.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

These diagrams show the Earth and the Moon in different positions, as seen from above (top view). Sunlight comes from the left, but these diagrams do not show which parts of the Earth or Moon are illuminated or in darkness. Can the half of the Moon facing the Earth be completely dark in any of these diagrams?

• No, the Moon is always illuminated by the Sun.

• Yes, always in diagrams 2 and 3, but never in diagram 1.

• Yes, always in diagram 2, but never in diagrams 1 or 3.

• Yes, always in diagram 2 and sometimes in diagram 3.

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How does light travel?

• Light travels only in straight lines.

• Light travels like a river, wherever there is an open path.

• Light travels in unpredictable ways.

• It depends; if the light is bright enough, it can change direction.

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One night, Henry looked up and saw a full moon. How long will it be before he can see a full moon again?

• About a week.

• About a month.

• It cannot be known because the moon's pattern always changes.

• It could be two weeks or a month, depending on the time of year.

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Which of these statements is true about the Moon?

• The Moon always orbits the Earth in a circle.

• The Moon is always in the same position in Earth's sky.

• The Moon always moves in many changing patterns around the Earth.

• The Moon always moves back and forth across Earth's sky.

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Rika went out one night and saw the crescent moon. If Rika goes out to look for the moon again after a month, what will she see?

• Rika will see the crescent moon again, as shown in illustration A.

• Rika will see the quarter moon, as shown in illustration B.

• Rika may see either the crescent moon or the quarter moon; it depends on the time of year.

• It cannot be known because the moon's pattern is always changing.

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What are the phases of the Moon?

• When the Moon is completely dark

• A planet outside our solar system

• The shape of the illuminated part of the Moon as seen from Earth

• Lighting an object and making it visible

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What is scale in relation to science?

• Something we observe repeatedly

• The relative size of things

• The boundary between light and darkness on the surface of the moon

• An object, diagram, or computer program that helps us understand something by making it simpler or easier to see

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What is the solar system?

• The Sun, the planets that orbit the Sun, and other objects that orbit the Sun

• The period of time it takes a planet to complete an orbit around a star or stars

• The nearly circular path in which a smaller body (like a moon) orbits a larger body (like the Earth)

• The star that is the main source of light at the center of our solar system

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When the moon appears to be decreasing in size, astronomers classify this phenomenon as.

• Waning

• Waxing

• Black hole

• Lunar collapse

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