Power and Authority 2025 revision

Which treaty formally ended World War I and created many of the political tensions that contributed to the rise of dictatorships in Europe?

• Treaty of Trianon

• Treaty of Versailles

• Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

• Treaty of Saint-Germain

Which economic condition in Germany during the early 1920s directly undermined democratic stability and helped extremist parties gain support?

• Hyperinflation

• Trade surplus

• Balanced budget

• Gold standard stability

The term totalitarianism most accurately describes a regime that:

• Allows multi-party elections but limits speech

• Operates through federal, regional, and local shared powers

• Is ruled by a monarch with absolute power but limited bureaucracy

• Concentrates political power in a single party and seeks to control many aspects of life

Which event is generally considered the catalyst that allowed Hitler to consolidate legal power in Germany in 1933?

• The Munich Beer Hall Putsch

• The Night of the Long Knives

• The Reichstag fire

• The Enabling Act vote

The Night of the Long Knives (1934) primarily served to:

• Begin mass deportations of Jews from Germany

• Announce territorial expansion into Austria

• Remove conservative politicians from power in the Weimar Republic

• Eliminate rivals within the Nazi Party and win support of the army

Which policy best describes Nazi Germany’s Gleichschaltung?

• Economic liberalisation and free trade

• Coordinating and aligning institutions under Nazi control

• Decentralising power to local governments

• A foreign policy of non-interference

Which organisation was used by the Nazis to carry out mass arrests, political repression and the concentration camp system?

• Freikorps

• Sturmabteilung (SA)

• Schutzstaffel (SS)

• Social Democratic Party

Which statement best reflects the concept of lebensraum in Nazi ideology?

• A welfare program for veterans

• The promotion of urban housing for all citizens

• A cultural policy promoting traditional arts and crafts

• Expansion of German territory to provide living space for the German people

Which of the following was a direct result of the Munich Agreement (1938)?

• Germany’s annexation of the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia

• The start of the Spanish Civil War

• The creation of the Nuremberg Laws

• The German invasion of Poland

In the context of the interwar period, what was a major weakness of many new democracies that facilitated the rise of dictators?

• Strong independent judiciaries

• Deep-rooted parliamentary traditions

• Economic instability and political fragmentation

• Universal suffrage with mandatory voting