Ch. 3 Review

Plants utilize a portion of their gross primary productivity (GPP) for cellular respiration.

• True

• False

A positive feedback loop causes a system to change in the opposite direction from which it is moving.

• True

• False

Lightning is one of the natural mechanisms by which atmospheric nitrogen is converted to ammonia or ammonium ions.

• True

• False

The law of conservation of matter states that whenever matter undergoes a physical or chemical change, ____.

• atoms can be created and destroyed

• atoms can be destroyed and recombined

• atoms cannot be created or destroyed

• atoms can be created but not destroyed

• atoms can be destroyed but not created

Food chains and food webs show how producers, consumers, and decomposers are connected to one another as chemical energy flows through different ____ in an ecosystem.

• energy pyramids

• trophic levels

• biospheres

• life-support systems

• abiotic components

Which of the following best represents the process of photosynthesis?

• carbon dioxide + glucose + solar energy → water + oxygen

• carbon dioxide + water + solar energy → glucose + oxygen

• oxygen + glucose + solar energy → carbon dioxide + water

• oxygen + glucose → solar energy + carbon dioxide + water

• carbon dioxide + water → solar energy + glucose + oxygen

A group of individuals of the same species living in a particular place is a(n) ____.

• ecosystem

• population

• community

• organism

• biosphere

Gross primary productivity (GPP) is the rate at which ____.

• producers convert radiant energy into chemical energy

• producers use stored chemical energy through cellular respiration

• producers make chemical energy potentially available to consumers

• consumers convert and store chemical energy obtained from producers

• consumers use stored chemical energy to fuel life processes

Which statement best describes the first law of thermodynamics?

• Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed.

• Heat is a form of kinetic energy.

• Solar energy is converted into chemical energy in living systems.

• Some energy always dissipates during physical and chemical changes.

Matter is best described as ____.

• thermodynamic

• something that has the capacity to do work

• positively charged

• something that can produce change

• anything that has mass and takes up space