Quiz about Unit 3 Review - DNA Structure and Cell Cycle

Question 1

The parts of a nucleotide that make up the backbone of DNA

Accepted Answer

Sugars and phosphates

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Nitrogen bases

Answer

S-Phase

Question 2

Uncontrollable cell growth

Accepted Answer

Cancer

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Nitrogen bases

Answer

S-Phase

Answer

Sugars and phosphates

Question 3

The part of the cell cycle where DNA is replicated

Accepted Answer

S-Phase

Answer

Cancer

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Nitrogen bases

Answer

Sugars and phosphates

Question 4

Scientists claim that DNA is a universal genetic code that is common to all organisms. Which of the following statements supports this claim?

Accepted Answer

All living things use the same 4 nitrogen bases to code for traits.

Answer

DNA is made of proteins that can be transferred from prokaryotes to eukaryotes.

Answer

All living things pass down their genetic code to their offspring.

Answer

DNA is helical in structure and can be found in the nucleus.

Question 5

A segment of DNA is represented in the illustration.
How is information for a specific protein carried on the DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

As a sequence of nucleotides

Answer

In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome

Answer

In the ratio of adenines to thymines

Answer

As a pattern of phosphates and sugars

Question 6

Which part of the nucleotide codes for our traits?

Accepted Answer

nitrogen base

Answer

phosphate

Answer

sugar

Question 7

When G pairs with C, we call these:

Accepted Answer

complimentary

Answer

binary

Answer

grouped

Question 8

The result of DNA replication is

Accepted Answer

two identical strands of DNA

Answer

two identical daughter cells

Answer

four strands of different DNA

Answer

two different daughter cells

Question 9

In each new DNA molecule, one strand is "old" and one strand is "new". This type of replication is called:

Accepted Answer

semi conservative

Answer

semi constant

Answer

semi replicable

Question 10

All living organisms have DNA. The part of DNA that varies or is different between organisms is:

Accepted Answer

the order of nitrogen bases

Answer

the phosphate groups

Answer

the backbone of DNA

Question 11

This cell is going through:

Accepted Answer

prophase

Answer

S phase

Answer

metaphase

Answer

anaphase

Question 12

This cell is going through:

Accepted Answer

anaphase

Answer

prophase

Answer

metaphase

Answer

telophase/cytokinesis

Question 13

During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

Accepted Answer

S

Answer

G1

Answer

G2

Answer

Mitosis

Question 14

What phase is this cell going through?

Accepted Answer

interphase

Answer

anaphase

Answer

telophase/cytokinesis

Answer

metaphase

Question 15

During which phase of the cell cycle does the cell grow and make copies of organelles?

Accepted Answer

G1

Answer

S

Answer

G2

Answer

Mitosis

Question 16

Which cell is in the phase of mitosis that shows the spindle fibers pulling the chromosomes apart?

Accepted Answer

Cell 2

Answer

Cell 1

Answer

Cell 3

Answer

Cell 4

Question 17

During which phase does the cell actually separate into two individual daughter cells?

Accepted Answer

Cytokinesis

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Interphase

Answer

Metaphase

Question 18

If your were to examine a sample of 1000 cells, in which of the phases listed below would you expect to find most of the cells?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Metaphase

Answer

Anaphase

Answer

Telophase

Question 19

In what part of the cell cycle does the DNA make a copy of itself?

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Answer

Prophase

Answer

Telophase

Answer

Cytokinesis

Question 20

Which pair of nitrogenous bases will form a bond in a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

adenine and thymine

Answer

cytosine and adenine

Answer

guanine and thymine

Answer

thymine and cytosine

Question 21

What three components make up a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

a phosphate, a deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base

Answer

a deoxyribose, a phosphate, and an enzyme

Answer

a phosphate, an enzyme, and a nitrogenous base

Answer

an enzyme, a deoxyribose, and a nitrogenous base

Question 22

Which nitrogenous bases are needed to complete the DNA strand pictured below? Give your answer in order, from top to bottom.

Accepted Answer

adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine

Answer

thymine, adenine, guanine, cytosine

Answer

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine

Answer

cytosine, guanine, thymine, adenine

Question 23

When one DNA molecule is replicated, the result is two DNA molecules. What is true of the second DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

It is identical or nearly identical to the first DNA molecule.

Answer

The sequence of bases, from top to bottom, is opposite the sequence in the first DNA molecule.

Answer

It is half the size of the first DNA molecule.

Answer

It is twice the size of the first DNA molecule.

Question 24

According to DNA Complimentary base pairing, Adenine (A) is paired with which other Nitrogenous Base?

Accepted Answer

Thymine

Answer

Cytosine

Answer

Guanine

Answer

Uracil

Question 25

What are the bonds that exist between the Nitrogenous Bases (A, T, C, G)?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds

Answer

Covalent bonds

Answer

Ionic bonds

Answer

Peptide bonds

Question 26

Hydrogen bonds are weak.

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 27

What is the monomer of DNA (the building blocks of DNA)?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

Amino acid

Answer

Glucose

Answer

Phospholipid

Question 28

What do nucleotides (the building block/monomer of DNA) consist of?

Accepted Answer

phosphate group, deoxyribose sugar, nitrogenous base

Answer

glucose, lipid, oxygen

Answer

amino acid, carbon, nitrogen

Answer

polypeptide chain, ribose sugar, nitrogenous base

Question 29

What was the shape of DNA called?

Accepted Answer

Double helix

Answer

Alpha helix

Answer

Pleated sheet

Answer

Tetrad

Question 30

According to Chargraff's Rule, if Adenine (A) is 40% of the sample DNA, what is the percentage of Thymine (T)?

Accepted Answer

40%

Answer

50%

Answer

30%

Answer

60%

Question 31

What determines the specific traits in an organism?

Accepted Answer

The sequence of nucleotide bases in the DNA molecule.

Answer

The number of carbons in the DNA molecule

Answer

The number of hydrogen bonds that hold the strands of DNA together.

Answer

The sequence of phosphates along each DNA strand.

Question 32

Helicase "unzips" DNA

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 33

DNA Polymerase creates DNA

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 34

The genetic code (using A,T,C,G) is a universal code

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 35

The backbone of DNA is phosphates and Deoxyribose sugars

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 36

Mitosis results in identical daughter cells

Accepted Answer

True

Answer

False

Question 37

What is the molecule in the image?

Accepted Answer

Nucleotide

Answer

Deoxyribose Sugar

Answer

Nitrogenous base

Answer

Phosphate

Question 38

What does DNA determine?

Accepted Answer

traits of living things

Answer

traits of nonliving things

Answer

organization of living things

Answer

Did Not Attempt

Question 39

The division of the cell and nucleus is known as:

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Synthesis

Answer

G1

Answer

G2

Question 40

Any cell undergoing the cell cycle is also called __________.

Accepted Answer

somatic cells

Answer

stem cells

Answer

germ cells

Answer

gametes

Question 41

The sugar in DNA is ?

Accepted Answer

deoxyribose

Answer

sucrose

Answer

glucose

Answer

fructose

Question 42

Most genes within DNA hold instructions for the cell to make a specific _____.

Accepted Answer

Protein

Answer

Carbohydrates

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Lipid

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